葡萄籽粕对蛋鸡产蛋高峰后期鸡蛋胆固醇、脂质代谢及新城疫免疫效果的影响

Effects of Grape Seed Meal on Egg Cholesterol,Lipid Metabolism and Newcastle Disease Immunity of Hens at Late Laying Stage

试验旨在研究蛋鸡饲粮中添加葡萄籽粕对蛋鸡产蛋高峰后期鸡蛋胆固醇、脂肪代谢及新城疫免疫效果的影响及其作用机理。选取810只体重、产蛋率相近、健康的64周龄罗曼灰蛋鸡,采用单因素完全随机试验设计,随机分为6个处理,每处理5个重复,每重复27只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别按基础日粮中玉米质量分数的3%、4.5%、6%、7.5%、9%添加葡萄籽粕替代玉米。预试期7 d,正试期30 d。结果表明:葡萄籽粕能够抑制蛋鸡在产蛋高峰后期的生产性能降低,提高产蛋率和日均产蛋量(P<0.05);降低鸡蛋胆固醇含量(P<0.01);提高蛋鸡新城疫HI抗体水平(P>0.05);降低蛋鸡血液中总胆固醇含量(P<0.05);3%、6%、7.5%葡萄籽粕组血清中低密度脂蛋白较对照组分别降低了7.95%(P<0.05)、10.88%(P<0.01)和9.62%(P<0.01)。综上,在蛋鸡产蛋高峰后期饲粮中添加葡萄籽粕能够提高蛋鸡的生产性能和新城疫抗体效价、降低鸡蛋胆固醇含量以及调节血液脂肪代谢水平,且以玉米质量分数6%的剂量添加葡萄籽粕替代玉米效果较好。

This study was purposed to the effects and the mechanism of grape seed meal on egg cholesterol,lipid metabolism and Newcastle disease immunity of hens at late laying stage.A total of 810 Roman grey laying hens at 64 weeks old with similar weight and egg production rate were randomly divided into 6 groups,with 5 repetitions and 27 per repetition.The control group was fed with basal diets,and the testing groups were fed with basal diets with grape seed meal replacement respectively 3%,4.5%,6%,7.5%and 9%of the corn.Pretest period was 7 days and experimental period was 30 days.The results showed that grape seed meal could inhibit the decrease of production performance of layer hens at the late peak period of egg production,improve the egg production rate and average daily egg production(P<0.05),lower cholesterol in eggs(P<0.01),increase antibody titer of HI Newcastle disease(P>0.05),significantly reduce the total cholesterol(TC)content in the blood of laying hens.The serum low density lipoprotein(LDL)levels in 3%,6%and 7.5%groups were lower by 7.95%(P<0.05),10.88%(P<0.01)and 9.62%(P<0.01)than those in control group,respectively.These results indicated that the replacement of corn with grape seed meal to the diet of laying hens at the later stage of laying peak could improve the production performance of laying hens and the titer of antibody against Newcastle disease,reduce the cholesterol content of eggs and regulate the level of blood lipid metabolism.The effect of replacing corn with grape seed meal at the dosage of 6%of corn mass fraction was better.