医生职业特征在职业枯竭形成中的作用研究

Research on the role of job-character in the formation of job burnout of doctors

[目的]研究医生的职业特征与职业枯竭的关系及其在医生职业枯竭形成中的作用,从而为医生创造更好的执业环境。[方法]按照分层随机抽样原则分别从济南、潍坊、德州抽取公立医院医生,采用课题组自编的“职业枯竭”和“职业特征”分量表进行调查。共发放量表2102份,有效量表1910份,有效率回收率为95.07%。[结果]分层回归分析的结果显示,在控制了人口统计学变量之后,职业特征所解释的方差变异量,在情感枯竭维度、去人性化维度、职业承诺维度和成就感维度4个维度分别增加了37.4%,14.1%,13.3%和9.1%。[结论]职业特征可以有效的预测医生的职业枯竭,工作负荷重、长时间情绪压抑、职业风险高、学习占用休息时间较长可增加职业枯竭的产生。

Objective To study the relationship between job-character and job burnout of doctors and the role in the formation of job burnout so as to create better practicing environment for doctors.Methods It selected doctors of public hospitals from Jinan,Weifang and Dezhou by stratified random sampling method.It sent out 2102 scales,1910 valid scales,effective rate and recovery was 95.7%.Results Hierarchical regression analysis result indicated that after controlling demographic variable,variance amount of variability by explanation of job-character on the four dimensionalities such as emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,professonal commitment and sense of achievement increase 37.4%,14.1%,13.3%and 9.1%.Conclusions The job-character may effectively forecasts doctors job exhaustion.Heavy workload,depressive mood for a long time,high professional risk and study takes up much break time that will increase the produce of job burnout.