通便膏穴位敷贴治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折后便秘的护理观察

Nursing Observation on Tongbian Plaster Acupoint Application in Treating Constipation after Compression Fracture of Thoracolumbar Vertebra

目的观察通便膏穴位敷贴治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折后便秘的护理疗效。方法选取符合纳入标准的108例胸腰椎压缩性骨折后便秘的患者,按照住院顺序通过随机数字表法分为治疗组、对照组各54例,2组患者均给予便秘的常规护理措施,治疗组采用通便膏(医院药剂科制作)穴位敷贴,选取神阙穴(肚脐)、双侧天枢穴(脐中旁开2寸),每隔24 h更换一次;对照组患者予以酚酞片0.1 g,睡前口服,一日1次;2组病例治疗次数视排便情况而增减,大便通畅后停止使用,大便不通继续使用,共3次,治疗结束后比较2组的临床疗效及排便情况评分。结果治疗组和对照组的总有效率分别为98.15%和88.89%,治疗组有效率优于对照组(P<0.05)。2组治疗后8 h、24 h、48 h、72 h的排便情况评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),治疗组治疗后的排便情况评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论通便膏穴位敷贴治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折后便秘疗效可靠、操作简单、经济方便,提高了患者的满意度及舒适度,值得在临床护理上推广应用。

Objective To observe the nursing effect of Tongbian plaster on constipation after thoracolumbar compression fracture.Methods 108 patients with constipation after thoracolumbar compression fractures were selected according to the inclusion criteria.Through the random number table method in hospital order, they were divided into the treatment group and the control group, with 54 cases in each group. Two groups of patients were given constipation of routine nursing measures, in the treatment group, Tongbian plaster(made by hospital pharmacy department) was used for acupoint application, selecting Shenque(CV8)(navel), bilateral Tianshu point(2 body inches apart from the navel) in umbilical and replace a piece every 24 h. Patients in the control group were given phenolphthalein tablets 0.1 g, which was taken orally before sleep once a day. The number of treatment in the two groups increased or decreased according to the defecation, and the patients were stopped using the product after the defecation was unobstructed, and continued using the product after the defecation was obstructed, a total of 3 times. The clinical efficacy and defecation score of the two groups were compared after the treatment. Results The total effective rate of the treatment group and the control group was98.15% and 88.89%, respectively, and the effective rate of the treatment group was better than that of the control group( P<0.05).The scores of defecation 8 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after treatment in both groups were lower than those before treatment(P <0.05), and the scores of defecation after treatment in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Tongbian plaster acupoint application in the treatment of constipation after compression fracture of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae has reliable efficacy, simple operation, economical and convenient, improves the satisfaction and comfort of patients, and is worthy of promotion and application in clinical nursing.