证论——中医对疾病的解读

Treatise on syndrome:The interpretation on the disease by traditional Chinese medicine

证是指机体在"天人合一"下所产生的正邪相争,阴阳动态失和,导致其功能、代谢、结构失和的病理过程,是客观存在的病理状态,是从个体正邪反应状态对疾病本质的客观反映,是病因、病位、病性、病势等要素的综合,贯穿于疾病的发生发展变化过程的始终。证从疾病开始时最初的阴阳动态失和状态,表现为阴、阳、气、血的盛衰,逐渐影响到具体的脏腑功能、组织结构等,甚者影响到人的生命。证的命名多用定因、定位、定性的组合形式。证的传变有正邪相争、病因之间、病变位置、阴阳之间、脏腑之间的传变。证的诊断一是辨证求因,二是审因定位,三是据本定法。证是中医正邪相争、阴阳动态失和的具体体现,决定着病的虚实,直接影响着疾病的发生、发展、变化、转归与预后;并能在疾病的现象与本质不完全一致时,只要正确把握住正邪盛衰所反映的真正虚实病机变化,就能认清疾病发展过程的本质,更好地为临床实践服务。证决定着症和病,是中医的治疗依据和目标。

Syndrome refers to the pathological process of disharmony of function,metabolism and the structure resulted from dynamic disharmony state of yin and yang,struggling between the healthy qi and the pathogenic qi under’harmony between man and nature’in the body,which is a pathological state objectively,and a objective reflection of disease nature on the reaction status of the healthy qi and the pathogenic qi in the body,as also as the synthesis of cause,location,nature and condition of the disease throughout the period of happen,development and changes of the disease.Syndrome starts from the initial dynamic disharmony state of yin and yang at the beginning of the disease,manifested as the exuberance and debilitation of yin,yang,qi and blood,and gradually affecting the specific functions and organizational structure of the zang-fu organs,or even human life.The naming of syndrome is usually composed by cause,positioning and nature.The transmutation of syndromes includes the struggling between the healthy qi and the pathogenic qi,between etiologies,between lesion locations,between yin and yang,and between zang-fu organs.The diagnosis of syndrome is to seek the cause based on syndrome differentiation,the second is to locate by the cause,and the third is to determin the method based on the resource.Syndrome is the specific embodiment of struggling between the healthy qi and the pathogenic qi,dynamic disharmony state of yin and yang,which determines the deficiency and excess of pathogenesis,and directly affects the occurrence,development,change,outcome and prognosis of diseases.In addition,when the phenomenon and essence of the disease are not completely consistent,the real deficiency-excess and pathogenes changes reflected by the exuberance and debilitation of healthy qi and the pathogenic qi should be correctly grasped,to recognize the essence of the disease development process for better clinical practice.Syndrome determines the symptoms and diseases,which is the treatment basis and goal of traditional Chinese medicine.