艾草全球生态适宜区与生态特征研究

Research on the global ecological suitability and charactoristics of regions with Artemisia argyi Lévl. et Vant.

目的:研究药用植物艾草在全球范围的生态适宜区与生态特征。方法:根据248个艾草样本点信息和6个环境因子,利用药用植物全球产地生态适宜性区划信息系统(GMPGIS)结合最大信息熵模型(MaxEnt)软件对艾草进行全球适宜区划,并采用冗余分析法(RDA)分析艾叶的两类主要有效成分总挥发油、总黄酮含量以及艾叶出绒率与其主要环境因子之间的相关性。结果:全球范围内艾草的最适生存区为中国,较适生存区包括韩国、日本、朝鲜、缅甸、老挝、美国等国家;我国境内的湖北、河南、安徽、四川、湖南省为艾草最适生存区,河北、山东、广东、辽宁、浙江、福建等省为较适生存区,适宜扩大其栽培种植面积。RDA分析结果表明,在一定范围内,挥发油含量的积累分别与年均温度、年均降水量、最冷季均温、年均相对湿度呈正相关,总黄酮的含量与年均日照呈正相关,艾叶出绒率与最暖季均温、年均日照相关性大。结论:此研究结果为全球范围艾草的合理栽培规划、利用开发提供参考依据。

Objective:In order to investigate the global ecological suitability and characteristics of regions of for the medicinal plants Artemisia argyi Lévl.et Vant.(A.argyi).Methods:Geographic information system for global medicinal plants(GMPGIS)and Maximum Entropy Model(MaxEnt)were adopted to analyze the glabal ecology suitability regions based on 248 sample points of A.argyi and 6 ecological factors.The relationship between the two effective constituents(volatile oils,flavonoids)and production rate of moxa of this plant and these ecological factors was analyzed using a redundancy analysis(RDA)method,which could be used to predict the most relevant ecological factors influencing the active constituents of A.argyi plants.Results:GMPGIS and MaxEnt analysis results suggest that China is the main producing areas in the world for A.argyi,while there are also other potentially suitable areas with maximum similarities of ecological distribution in the South Korea,Japan,North Korea,Burma,Laos,United States and other countries.In addition,the genuine producing areas in China mainly include Hubei,Henan,Anhui,Sichuan and Hunan,while there are the quite similarities of ecological distribution of A.argyi in Hebei,Shandong,Guangdong,Liaoning,Zhejiang,Fujian,etc..RDA results suggest that mean annual temperature,mean annual precipitation,mean temperature of coldest quarter and mean annual humidity are the most important eco-factors positively affecting the content of volatile oils,mean annual radiation is the most important eco-factors positively affecting the content of flavonoids,and mean temperature of warmest quarter and mean annual radiation are obviously affecting the production rate of moxa in A.argyi.Conclusion:Our research provides scientific support to the utilization of ecological suitability areas for plant A.argyi and the resource regeneration.