结直肠癌造口患者造口周围皮肤状况与营养的相关性分析

Correlation analysis of skin condition around stoma and nutritional status in colorectal cancer patients with stoma

目的探讨结直肠癌造口患者造口周围皮肤状况与营养的相关性。方法采用便利抽样法,使用一般资料调查表、造口周围皮肤评估工具(DET评分)、患者自评-主观全面评定量表(PG-SGA)对某省级三级甲等专科医院132例结直肠癌造口患者进行调查。结果结直肠癌肠造口患者造口周围皮肤DET评分总分(4.79±3.27)分,处于中度损伤的水平。89.39%的肠造口患者出现了不同程度的造口周围皮肤损伤,主要为中度损伤(33.33%),其次是重度损伤(30.30%)、轻度损伤(25.76%)。结直肠癌肠造口患者PG-SGA量表总分为(7.91±4.99)分,处于B级(轻/中度营养不良水平)。结直肠癌造口患者DET总分与PG-SGA量表总分存在正相关(r=0.388,P<0.05)。结论结直肠癌造口患者的造口周围皮肤和营养状况较差,医护人员应该通过定期的随访评估了解造口患者的造口周围皮肤状况和营养状况,提高患者的造口护理能力和营养水平,减少相关并发症的发生,改善临床结局。

Objective To investigate the status and relationship between skin condition and nutritional status in colorectal cancer patients with stoma.Methods Totally 132 cases of colorectal cancer patients with stoma were recruited by a convenient sampling method.A questionnaire survey was conducted using the general data questionnaire,skin assessment tools around stoma(DET score)and Patient-generated Subjective Global Assessment(PG-SGA)scale.Results The DET score of patients was(4.79±3.27).Of 132 colorectal cancer patients with stoma,89.39%of them had suffered skin injuries(33.33%of patients with moderate skin injury,30.30%of patients with severe skin injury and 25.76%of patients with mild injury).The PG-SGA score of patients was(7.91±4.99),indicating a mild-to-moderate malnutrition(level B)among colorectal cancer patients with stoma.The skin condition(DET score)was positively correlated with the total score of PG-SGA(r=0.388,P<0.05).Conclusion Findings of the study showed a poor skin condition and nutritional status of colorectal cancer patients with stoma.Health care workers should assess the skin condition and nutritional status of patients by regular follow-ups,improve patients'stoma self-care ability and nutrition management skills,reduce the risk of related complications and improve the clinical outcomes.