清华大学农业研究所的创建及发展——战争与科学视角下的解析

The Creation and Development of the Agricultural Institution,Tsinghua University:From the Perspective of Science and War

清华大学农业研究所产生于抗日战争爆发前,建立初以改良农业、复兴农村为目标。战争的爆发使研究条件产生变化,一些理论研究被迫搁置,同时一些为支援战争需求而产生的地方性、实用性的农业科学研究在物资紧缺的抗战特殊时期发展显著。文章梳理抗战前后农业研究所在研究内容上的变化,从战争与科学在社会发展中互动关系的视角,展示了战时特殊时期近代农业科学在原本的发展进程中遭遇挫折,却在新的方向继续传承与发展的历史轨迹。

The Agricultural Institute of Tsinghua University was set up before World War II,aiming at improving China’s agriculture and reviving the rural area.The outbreaking of the war,however,affected its research conditions and suspended some of its theoretical studies.On the other hand,some professors and young scholars carried out some localized,practical research under the guidance of foreign scientific theory,in order to meet the wartime needs,including livelihood studies depending on geographical conditions and military industrial research.This article reviewed the differences in research content before and after the war,showing that Chinese modern agricultural science,although frustrated during the war,was able to develop in a new direction.