中国科学家对人类胚胎干细胞研究伦理规范的认知和态度——基于访谈的研究

Chinese Scientists’ Cognition and Attitudes Towards Ethical Norms of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research:An Interview-Based Study

就人类胚胎干细胞研究伦理规范来说,目前西方社会伦理原则占据主导性地位,但是由于存在文化差异,具体判断上产生了文化冲突。本文将根据人类胚胎干细胞研究伦理规范实施情况和中国科学家所处的传统文化背景做一个研究假设,通过访谈来验证中国科学家的实际态度,探讨影响科学家道德判断的因素。最终提出科学伦理规范的建立一方面要尊重文化差异,明晰各自的道德原则,寻求共同的伦理底线;另一方面,通过借用商谈伦理,构建全球伦理治理体系,并形成对现行规范不断进行调整的机制。

In terms of the ethical norms of human embryonic stem cell research,Western social ethic principles currently occupy a dominant position,but there are cultural conflicts in terms of specific judgments due to cultural differences.This article proposes a hypothesis based on the implementation of the human embryonic stem cell research ethics and the traditional cultural background of Chinese scientists.Through interviews,we ascertain the actual attitudes of Chinese scientists and discuss the factors that influence their moral judgments.Finally,it is proposed that the establishment of scientific ethics norms should respect cultural differences,clarify respective moral principles,and seek ethical bottom lines that can be accepted by all sides.At the same time,a global ethical governance system should be established and constant adjustments should be made to the existing norms drawing on discourse ethics.