洪泽湖河蚬繁殖高峰期的生物学研究

The Biological Study on the Breeding Peak of Corbicula fluminea in Hongze Lake

为了探究洪泽湖河蚬繁殖高峰期的生物学特性,本研究于2016年5月至10月河蚬繁殖季节,在洪泽湖设定8个采样点,每半个月采集河蚬(Corbicula fluminea)样品一次,用组织切片分析成年河蚬的性腺发育、生殖周期、肥满度和胚胎发育状况。研究显示,繁殖高峰期时洪泽湖河蚬的性腺发育过程分为3个时期:成熟期、排放期和恢复期;5月初到10月15日左右是河蚬的生殖期,其中6月中旬和10月都会有一次大量产卵的情况,这2个时间段为河蚬的生殖高峰期;河蚬的肥满度随着水温的上升而呈现递增的趋势,洪泽湖河蚬的性成熟最宜温度为16.0℃~16.5℃。本研究为洪泽湖河蚬的人工繁殖提供实验基础数据。

In order to explore the biological characteristics of Hongze lake river clams at the peak of reproduction,and to lay the experimental foundation for the artificial reproduction of Hongze Lake river clams at the later stage,in 2016,during the breeding period of Asian clam(Corbicula fluminea)from June to October,Asian clams,setting in eight sampling sites in Hongze Lake,were collected semimonthly.The experiment adopted histologic sections to analyze gonad development,reproductive cycle,condition factor and embryonic development of mature clams.The results showed that the gonad deve-lopment of Asian clams was divided into three stages,which are mature stage,discharge stage and convalescent stage.The reproductive period of clams was from the middle of June to the middle of October,which was also spawning in that two periods.The two time periods were the reproductive peaks of Asian clam.Condition factor of clam increased with the rise of water temperature.The optimum temperature for sexual maturity of Asian clam was 16 to 16.5 degree.