蛋白和抗氧化剂对离心运动后肌肉功能和疼痛的影响

Effects of Protein and Antioxidants on Muscle Function and Pain after Eccentric Exercise

大量研究证实补充蛋白质或抗氧化剂均可有效提高机体的运动能力,然而,蛋白质和抗氧化剂联用的效果尚不清楚。本研究将60只SD大鼠随机分为4组,安静组(CG)、运动组(EG)、蛋白组(PG)和蛋白+抗氧化剂组(PAG),每组15只。PG组大鼠按照0.5 g/kg的剂量灌胃乳清蛋白溶液,PAG组大鼠按照0.5 g/kg的剂量灌胃乳清蛋白和抗氧化剂(富含花青素的浆果提取物)溶液。CG和EG组大鼠灌胃等体积的蒸馏水,共灌胃1周。然后,EG、PG和PAG组大鼠进行90 min的离心运动。采用机械缩足阈值来反映各组大鼠离心运动后的肌肉酸痛程度,研究显示,离心运动48 h后,PG组和PAG组大鼠的机械缩足阈值明显高于EG组,并且PG组和PAG组高于PG组。多项研究均显示,IL-6、IL-1β、MG53和MyoD参与肌肉的损伤及修复过程。本研究检测了上述因子的变化情况,发现大鼠在离心运动48 h后,后胫骨前肌组织中IL-6、IL-1β、MG53和MyoD的蛋白表达水平均显著升高,而蛋白+抗氧化剂可显著抑制上述指标的升高。苏木精伊红(HE)染色显示,离心运动48 h后,运动组大鼠的肌纤维受损程度达39.43%,显著高于蛋白组(23.54%)和蛋白+抗氧化剂组(8.42%)。此外,蛋白和抗氧化剂可显著抑制离心运动诱导的血清肌酸激酶的升高,并提高超氧化物歧化酶的活性。本研究证实蛋白联合抗氧化剂可有效减少离心运动引起的肌肉损伤、抑制机体的炎症反应并降低肌肉酸痛程度。

A large number of studies have confirmed that supplementation of protein or antioxidant can effectively improve the body’s ability to exercise.However,the effect of protein and antioxidant combination is still unclear.In this study,60 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:quiet group(CG),exercise group(EG),protein group(PG)and protein+antioxidant group(PAG),with 15 rats in each group.Rats in the PG group were orally administered with whey protein solution at a dose of 0.5 g/kg,and rats in the PAG group were orally administered with a solution of whey protein and an antioxidant(anthocyanin-rich berry extract)at a dose of 0.5 g/kg.Rats in the CG and EG groups were intragastrically administrated with an equal volume of distilled water for 1 week.Then,rats in the EG,PG,and PAG groups were subjected to centrifugal motion for 90 minutes.The mechanical footing threshold was used to reflect the degree of muscle soreness after eccentric exercise in each group.The study showed that the mechanical footing threshold of PG group and PAG group was significantly higher than that of EG group after 48 hours of eccentric exercise,and PG group and PAG.The group is higher than the PG group.A number of studies have shown that IL-6,IL-1β,MG53 and MyoD are involved in muscle damage and repair processes.This study examined the changes in the above factors.It was found that the protein expression levels of IL-6,IL-1β,MG53 and MyoD in the tibialis anterior muscle were significantly increased after 48 hours of eccentric exercise,while protein+antioxidants significantly inhibited the increase of the above indicators.Hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining showed that the muscle fiber damage of the rats in the exercise group was 39.43%after 48 hours of eccentric exercise,which was significantly higher than that of the protein group(23.54%)and the protein+antioxidant group(8.42%).In addition,proteins and antioxidants significantly inhibited the increase in serum creatine kinase induced by eccentricity and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase.This study demonstrates that protein combined with antioxidants can effectively reduce muscle damage caused by eccentric exercise,inhibit the body’s inflammatory response,and reduce the degree of muscle soreness.