《社会契约论》勾勒的“理想国”

"Utopia"Outlined in The Social Contract

作为古典自然法学派巨擘,卢梭一生著述颇多。《社会契约论》是卢梭最重要的也是最闪耀其思想光辉的著作,它之所以享有如此盛誉,很大程度上因为它对当时法国大革命的酝酿及随后美国革命战争的发展都提供了思想指引。虽然《社会契约论》立基于十八世纪中后期黑暗腐败的法国,对旧秩序进行了全面批判和抨击,但实际上其不仅是破坏性的,而且是建设性的,本文从《社会契约论》的“建设性”出发,试图还原卢梭以“主权在民”为纲要的“理想国”。

As a great master of the classical natural law school,Rousseau wrote abundant works in his life.The Social Contract is the most important and brilliant work of Rousseau.The reason why it has enjoyed such a high reputation is that it provided ideological guidance for the brewing of the French Revolution at that time and the subsequent development of the American Revolutionary War.Although The Social Contract is based on the dark and corrupt France in the middle and late 18th century,it criticizes and repudiates the old order in an all-round way.In fact,it is both destructive and constructive.On the basis of the "constructive" side of The Social Contract,this paper attempts to restore Rousseau’s "Utopia" with "sovereignty of the people" as the outline.