马克思恩格斯的国家学说及其当代价值--基于国家治理视域的研究

Marx and Engels'Theory of the State and Its Contemporary Value—Research Based on the Perspective of National Governance

当前对马克思恩格斯国家治理思想的研究存在一种误区,即把国家理论看作是马克思主义国家治理理论的唯一源头,把《法兰西内战》《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》等涉及国家理论的著作看作马克思恩格斯国家治理思想仅有的文本。实际上,马克思恩格斯的国家治理思想是一个严密而完整的体系,遵循了“具体一抽象一具体”的思维发展逻辑:《莱茵报》时期马克思批判普鲁士国家治理问題构成了马克思主义国家治理思想的逻辑起点,他们对国家问题的法哲学思考则用“抽象力”探索国家治理的逻辑和规律,《资本论》则从经济危机的解决、公有制的实现、社会总产品的增加、构建合理的分配制度等方面阐述了从根本上解决国家治理问题的手段。

At present,there is a misunderstanding in the study of Marx and Engels'national governance thought,that is the state theory is regarded as the only source of Marxist national governance theory,and the works involving state theory such as French Civil War and The Origin of the Family Private Property and the State are regarded as the only texts of Marx and Engels'national governance thought.In fact,Marx and Engels'national governance thought is a rigorous and complete system,which follows the"concrete-abstract-concrete"thinking development logic.Marx's criticism of the Prussian state governance in the Rthine Newspaper Period constitutes the logical starting point of Marxvist national governance thought,and in terms of their thinking of state issues from the legal philosophy perspective,they use"abstract force"to explore the logic of and laws governing national governance.Das Kapital expounds the means to fiundamentally solve the problem of national governance from the specific ways of addressing the economic crisis,realizing public ownership,increasing total social prodlucts and constructing a reasonabledlistrilouton system.