西方发展援助评价的意义建构

The Meaning Construction of Western Development Aid Evaluation

援助有效性评价在西方发展援助中占据核心地位,既是反思援助理念和指导援助实践的客观依据,也是西方发达国家对发展中国家实施新殖民主义的手段和维持政治霸权的话语工具。西方传统援助国及多边援助机构长期以来通过主导发展援助评价机制,不断完善关于发展援助有效性的话语和实践,逐渐建构出一整套国际发展知识体系,确立起该领域的知识霸权。但是,西方国家主导的这种评价机制存在话语与实践的深层次矛盾,客观评价发展援助有效性面临数据与方法上的困境。这为西方国家维持其长期主导且潜藏不平等的"援助-被援助"二元架构提供了空间。随着新兴经济体及更多南方国家的崛起,西方国家主导的这种知识霸权将会遇到越来越多的挑战。

Aid effectiveness evaluation occupies a central position in Western development assistance.It is not only an important reference for reflecting on aid concepts and guiding aid practice,but also a means for Western developed countries to implement neo-colonialism in developing countries and a discourse tool for maintaining political hegemony.Western traditional donors and multilateral aid agencies have gradually constructed a set of international development knowledge systems,and established knowledge hegemony in this field through leading the development assistance evaluation mechanism and continuously improving the discourse and practices of the development assistance effectiveness.However,there is a deep contradiction between discourse and practice in this evaluation mechanism.Moreover,data and method deficiencies complicated the evaluation process,which provides space for Western countries to maintain their long-term dominant and potentially unequal"donor-recipient"aid architecture.