农民转型期返乡农民工职业培训错位分析与应对策略

Dislocation Analysis and Coping Strategies of Vocational Training for Returned Rural Migrant Workers during The Transition Period

农业农村现代化的发展需要高素质的农村人力资源作为支撑,因而大量农民工返乡向创业型农民和新型职业农民转型,职业培训对返乡农民工能否成功转型起到关键作用。基于返乡农民工职业培训调查数据,对比分析职业培训现状和培训需求间存在的错位表现,运用人力资源管理培训理论分析发现,返乡农民工职业培训设计和运行存在如下问题:职业培训宣传错位,职业培训内容错位,职业培训方式错位,职业培训期限错位,职业培训机构及师资错位,职业培训效果错位。具体应对策略包括:强化返乡农民工在职业培训中的主体性和能动性,在培训需求分析基础上设计职业培训方案,加强返乡农民工职业培训的运行体系建设,以提升返乡农民工职业培训的系统性和有效性。

The development of agricultural and rural modernization needs high-quality rural human resources as talent support, so a large number of migrant workers return to their hometowns and transform to entrepreneurial farmers and new professional farmers. Vocational training and education plays a key role in the successful transformation of rural migrant workers returning to their hometowns. Based on the survey data of returned migrant worker’s vocational training, comparing and analyzing the dislocation between the current situation of vocational training and the training demand applying the theory of human resource management training show that, there exists dislocation of training contents, training modes, training period, training institutes and training staff in the design and operation of returned migrant worker’s vocational training. The countermeasures proposed are to strengthen the subjectivity and initiative of returned migrant workers in vocational training, design vocational training programs based on the analysis of training needs, and strengthen the construction of operational system of returned migrant worker’s vocational training, so as to improve the systematicness and effectiveness of returned migrant worker’s vocational training.