摘要
自然定律本质解释大致可归纳为概念关联式解释、经验概括式解释和倾向性解释三种。倾向性解释将自然定律视为自然界中产生可观察现象的能力、倾向或趋势。该解释下的自然定律具有定律所要求的普遍性和必然性特征,并且符合定律支持反事实条件这一判定标准,因而是关于自然定律本质的一种较合理的解释。同时,在倾向性解释下的自然定律可建基于具有相似的倾向性本质的自然种类之上,二者具有相同的本质属性。
There are three views of explanation of the essence of Laws of nature:Laws of nature as expressing relations among concepts;Laws of nature as summaries of experiences;Laws of nature as natural powers and dispositions.Dispositionalists take the laws of nature to be about the powers,dispositions,or tendencies of natural systems to bring about observable phenomena.It has the characteristics such as universality and necessity,and accords with the criteria of laws supporting counterfactual conditions also as a rational explanation of the nature of laws of nature.Moreover,it can be built on the natural kinds of dispositional essences for their similar characteristics.
作者
沈旭明
SHEN Xu-ming(Institute of Philosophy,Jishou University,Jishou Hunan 416000,China)
出处
《科学技术哲学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期61-66,共6页
Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology
基金
湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(15C1158)
2015年吉首大学教改课题“文科大学生科学素质培养研究”(2015JSUJGA17)。
关键词
自然定律
自然种类
倾向性
倾向性本质
laws of nature
natural kinds
disposition
dispositional essences
