生物土壤结皮在喀斯特生态治理中的应用潜力

Application Potential of Biological Soil Crust in Karst Ecological Management

喀斯特地区生境条件复杂,生态系统脆弱,其中石漠化成为制约喀斯特地区发展的重要因素。该文综述了生态系统中生物土壤结皮的可抗逆性特征及其对加速母岩成土速率、提高地表抗侵蚀力、改善土壤环境状态,调控降水下渗、改变土壤中水分再分配格局、促进土壤微生物和植被演替以及提高生物多样性的关键作用。探讨了生物土壤结皮与喀斯特生态系统的反馈机制及人工培育结皮植被对石漠化防治的应用潜力。此外,生物土壤结皮与生态系统间的互作机制是研究喀斯特生态治理的关键,两者间的耦合关系是一个动态过程,需要长期的不间断多维度监测。建议加强对生物土壤结皮与喀斯特生境间耦合机制及其在喀斯特岩溶过程的互作机制,喀斯特地区生物土壤结皮耐胁迫特性以及在喀斯特生境下人工培植技术与机理等方面的研究。

The habitat conditions in the karst area are complex and the ecosystem is fragile and rocky desertification has become an important factor in restricting the development of karst areas.In this paper,we reviewed the stress resistance of biological soil crust in ecosystem and its key role in accelerating soil formation rate,improving surface erosion resistance,improving soil environmental state,regulating precipitation infiltration,changing soil water redistribution pattern,promoting soil microbial derivation and vegetation succession,and improving ecosystem biodiversity.The feedback mechanism of biological soil crusts and karst ecosystems and the application potential of the technology of artificial cultivation crust vegetation for rocky desertification control were demonstrated.In addition,the interaction mechanism between biological soil crusts and ecosystems is the key to studying ecological management in karst areas.The relationship between biological soil crusts and ecosystems is a dynamic process and requires long-term uninterrupted multidimensional monitoring.The researches on mechanism between biological soil crust and karst habitat and their interaction in karst processes,the stress tolerance of biological soil crust in karst areas and artificial cultivation technology and mechanism in karst habitat are recommended to strengthen.