图书外译传播的公共外交实践研究——美国富兰克林图书项目的解析与启示

On the public diplomatic practice in book translation and dissemination:A case study of the Franklin Book Programs in the U.S.and its implications

图书外译传播是公共外交中相对较为持久且稳定有效的手段之一。自冷战始,美国即通过对外翻译出版图书,影响世界民众的思想与舆论。1952年开始的富兰克林图书项目是一典型个案,助推了美国在中东及东南亚地区的政治、经济、文化扩张。本文通过解析富兰克林项目的行动纲领、运作机制以及翻译策略,剖析冷战时期美国政府如何利用外译传播实现文化输出和价值渗透,总结其为提升特定国家目标受众的认同效度而建立的机制和采取的策略。

Book translation and dissemination is a durable,stable and effective means in public diplomacy.Since the beginning of the Cold War,the United States has influenced the thinking and public opinion of the people across the world by translating American books.Franklin Book Programs,which began in 1952,was an exemplar for international propaganda,which promoted the political,economic and cultural expansion of the U.S.in the Middle East and Southeast Asia.This paper,by analyzing the principle,mechanism and strategies of the Franklin Book Programs,examines how the U.S.culture and values infiltrated the targeted countries through book translation during the Cold War.