道德使法律成为可能——富勒《法律的道德性》研读札记

Morality Makes Law Possible——Reading Notes on Fuller’s“The Morality of Law”

富勒在雷克斯造法失败的寓言中提出了法律所必须具备的内在道德,并且进一步提出了道德使法律成为可能的命题,这是这一经典法哲学名著中为人耳熟能详的桥段。但是,道德如何才能使法律成为可能,法律又应该如何面对道德命题则是书中语焉不详的问题。看似富勒以方法论的自然法路径将法律的合道德性命题转化为合法性命题,从而提出程序自然法的观念。其实,如果探究富勒将法律视为目的性事业的过程性法律观,道德使法律成为可能的命题实际暗示了实现良好社会秩序的法律目的。

Fuller put forward the internal morality that law must possess in Rex’s fable of failure in making law,and further put forward the proposition that morality makes law possible,which is a familiar passage in this classic legal philosophy masterpiece.However,how morality can make law possible and how the law should face moral propositions are vague questions in the book.It seems that Fuller transformed the proposition of legal morality into the proposition of legitimacy by the path of methodological natural law,thus putting forward the concept of procedural natural law.In fact,if Fuller’s view of process law,which regards law as a purposeful cause,is explored,the proposition that morality makes law possible actually implies the legal purpose of realizing a good social order.