宪法价值发生论

The Evolution of Constitutional Value

宪法价值即潜含着主体价值需要(或价值预期)的宪法在与主体相互作用过程中对主体发生的效应。立宪的主观目的和宪法的客观功能的有机统一构成了宪法价值。人的宪治需要是宪法价值发生的根源或决定性因素,以自治、市场为取向的商品经济,以自由、平等为取向的民主政治、以科学、大众为取向的观念文化,以权利、义务为取向的法律资源,以和平、开放为取向的国际环境,共同构成宪法价值发生的基础条件。宪法价值包括应然价值和实然价值,宪法价值发生的机制就存在着既有联系又有区别的两种机制。宪法价值的发生既有主体即成式、部分渐成式、整体即成式、整体渐成式等典型模式,也有其他非典型模式。宪法价值发生有其客观规律性,只有把握其规律,才能真正理解宪法价值,进而全面理解宪法、解释宪法、实施和实现宪法。

Constitutional value refers to the effect made upon the subject by the constitution implying value needs(or value expectations)of the subject during the interaction between the constitution and the subject.The subjective purpose of constitution-making and the objective function of the constitution constitute constitutional value in an integrated manner.And the evolution of constitutional value,rooted in people’s need for constitutionalism,builds in autonomy-and-market-oriented commodity economy,freedom-and-equalityoriented democratic politics,science-and-mass-oriented conceptual culture,rights-and-obligations-oriented legal resources,as well as peace-and-openness-oriented international environment.Constitutional value embodies both the value as it is and the value it ought to be.Accordingly,there are two interrelated and distinct mechanisms of the constitutional value evolution,which has typical models such as one-off evolution of the main body,progressive evolution of the part,one-off evolution into the whole,and progressive evolution into the whole,as well as other atypical models.Also,the evolution of constitutional value embraces the objective regularity.Through grasping the regularity can a better understanding of the constitutional value be obtained,in such a way to understand,interpret,and implement the constitution.