农村厨房烟尘暴露对女性肺部健康的影响

Impact of Air Pollution in Kitchen on Lung CT Scan Positive Findings in Rural Women

[目的]探讨农村厨房污染对女性肺部健康的影响。[方法]2014年5~9月,在山东沂南马牧池乡女性人群中进行流行病调查和肺部CT检查,分析年龄、吸烟和二手烟暴露、厨房烟尘累积暴露与女性肺部CT阳性的关系。[结果]562名女性完成流行病学调查和低剂量螺旋CT检查,其中不吸烟者557名(99.11%),有二手烟暴露史303名(53.91%),有厨房烟尘暴露者543名(96.62%)。胸部CT检查显示,二手烟暴露组和非暴露组CT阳性率分别为14.85%和21.24%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=3.891,P<0.05);厨房烟尘暴露极低水平(<22000h)、低水平(22000~26999h)、中等水平(27000h^31999h)和高水平组(≥32000h)的CT阳性率分别为10.58%、12.94%、18.18%和23.66%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=9.460,P<0.05)。[结论]厨房烟尘长期暴露可能对农村女性肺部健康有较严重影响。

[Purpose]To investigate the impact of kitchen air pollution on lung health of rural women.[Methods]A survey on lung health was conducted among rural women in Mamuchi town of Shandong Yinan county during May to September 2014,and chest low-dose spiral CT(LDCT)scan was performed in all participants.The relationship between age,smoking,second-hand smoking,cumulative kitchen smoke exposure and positive CT findings of lung was analyzed.[Results]A total of 562 female participants underwent the survey and chest LDCT scan.There were 557 nonsmokers(99.11%),303 participants(53.91%)with second-hand smoking exposure,and 543(96.62%)having kitchen smoke exposure.The degree of kitchen smoke exposure was classified as very low(<22000 h),low(22000~26999 h),intermediate(27000 h^31999 h)and high(≥32000 h).In the second-hand smoking exposure group and the non-exposure group,the CT detection rates of positive nodules were 14.85%and 21.24%,respectively(χ^2=3.891,P<0.05).In various kitchen smoke exposure groups from very low to high,the CT detection rates of positive nodules were 10.58%,12.94%,18.18%and 23.66%,respectively(χ^2=9.460,P<0.05).[Conclusion]The results indicate that long-term kitchen smoke dusts exposure may exerts serious effects on rural female lung health.