碳/玻混杂夹层板低速撞击损伤特性试验研究

Experimental study on damage characteristics of hybrid carbon-glass fiber sandwich panel under low velocity impact

[目的]碳/玻混杂夹层板结构可有效提高船用复合材料层合板弯曲的刚度及强度。为探讨其耐撞击损伤及柔性层表面覆盖防护特性,开展了相关试验研究。[方法]采用落锤法对碳/玻混杂夹层板、玻璃纤维层合板以及碳/玻混杂+单侧贴敷橡胶复合板等3型平板的低速耐撞击性能进行对比试验,对3型结构撞击载荷作用下的宏观损伤形貌特征进行分析,并对比一阶模态阻尼比以评估3型平板的损伤程度特征规律。[结果]结果表明:相同冲击能量作用下,玻璃纤维层合板的损伤区域沿厚度方向呈现较为规则的圆台形,而碳/玻混杂板的损伤区域主要表现为较为明显的层间分层,并集中于碳纤维层与玻纤维层界面处;玻璃纤维层合板的层间损伤面积普遍小于碳/玻混杂夹层板;随着冲击能量的递增,冲击损伤程度的增加对碳/玻混杂夹层板一阶模态阻尼比的影响低于玻璃纤维层合板;单侧贴敷橡胶对碳/玻混杂板的防护作用随着冲击能量递增而减弱。[结论]研究结果为碳/玻混杂夹层板广泛运用于船舶领域提供了可靠的支撑。

[Objectives]The hybrid carbon-glass fiber sandwich panel structure is an effective structural form for improving the bending stiffness and strength of marine composite laminates.In order to discuss the impact damage resistance and flexible layer surface-covering protection characteristics,an experimental investigation is carried out.[Methods]The low-speed impact resistance of hybrid carbon-glass fiber sandwich panels,glass fiber laminates and hybrid carbon-glass fiber sandwich unilaterally coated rubber composite panels was compared using the drop hammer method.The analysis and further evaluation of the level of damage characteristics of the three types of panel were carried out using the first-order modal damping ratio.[Results]The results show that under the same impact energy,the damaged area of the glass fiber laminate shows a regular truncated cone shape along the thickness direction,while the damaged area of the hybrid carbon-glass fiber sandwich panel is mainly characterized by more obvious interlayer stratification concentrated on the carbon fiber;the interlayer damaged area of the glass fiber laminate is generally smaller than that of the hybrid carbon-glass fiber sandwich panel;the first-order modal damping ratio of the hybrid carbon-glass fiber sandwich panel increases with the increase of the impact energy,while the effect is lower than that of the glass fiber laminate;and the protective effect of single-sided adhesive rubber on the hybrid carbon-glass fiber sandwich panel decreases with the increase of impact energy.[Conclusions]This research on hybrid carbon-glass fiber sandwich panels can provide reliable support for their wide application in the field of ships.