基于流固耦合的四通管力学及振动特性研究

Study on Mechanical and Vibration Characteristics of Four-way Pipe Based on Fluid-solid Coupling

四通管是管路系统中常用的连接件,管体和流体之间存在的流固耦合作用是导致四通管变形和振动的主要原因之一。本文首先在UG中建立固体域和流体域的几何模型,再以ANSYSWorkbench为平台,对四通管分别进行单向和双向流固耦合初始计算,研究其力学特性,进一步采用空管模态分析法和基于流固耦合的模态分析法,研究其振动特性。然后在此基础上,考虑流体速度、流体压强和管体厚度对四通管的力学影响。结果表明:对比双向流固耦合,单向流固耦合可以满足研究要求;四通管发生流固耦合作用的区域是管道交接处,且耦合作用对管道各阶固有频率存在一定影响;在考虑的三种影响因素中,流体速度对结构变形影响最大。

Four-way pipe is a common connecting piece in pipeline system. The fluid-solid coupling between pipe body and fluid is one of the main causes of deformation and vibration of four-way pipe. In this paper, the geometric models of solid domain and fluid domain are firstly established in UG, and then based on ANSYS Workbench, the initial calculation of one-way and two-way fluid-solid coupling of four-way pipe is carried out respectively to study its mechanical characteristics. Furthermore, the vibration characteristics of the four-way pipe are studied by using the modal analysis method of empty pipe and the modal analysis method based on fluid-solid coupling. On this basis, the effects of fluid velocity, fluid pressure and tube thickness on the mechanical properties of the four-way tube are considered. The results show that, compared with two-way fluid-solid coupling, one-way fluid-solid coupling can meet the research requirements. The region where the four-way pipe has fluid-solid coupling action is the pipe junction, and the coupling action has certain influence on the natural frequencies of each stage of the pipe. Among the three factors considered, the fluid velocity has the greatest influence on the structural deformation.