道路扬尘扬散特性研究

Research on Diffusion Characteristics of Road Dust

道路扬尘是城市大气颗粒物的主要来源之一,扬尘污染的控制是治理大气颗粒物污染和提高城市空气质量的关键。为研究道路扬尘的扬散特性,建立了车辆-地面-扬尘流体力学模型,采用离散相模型方法对不同工况下道路扬尘的运动轨迹进行仿真分析。结果显示,道路扬尘扩散高度在2.5 m以内,扩散宽度呈现先增大后减小的趋势,当车速为60 km/h时达到峰值,为3 m左右。呼吸带高度为1.5 m左右的人群与行驶中车辆保持2 m以上的距离,正常呼吸时基本可以保证不受道路扬尘扩散作用的不良影响。所做研究可以为保护大气环境、减小道路扬尘对人体健康的危害提供参考。

Road dust is one of the main sources of urban atmospheric particles,and the control of dust pollution is the key to the control of atmospheric particle pollution and improvement of urban air quality.In order to study the diffusion characteristics of road dust,the vehicle ground dust fluid mechanical model was established,and the discrete phase model method was used to simulate and analyze the kinematic trajectory of road dust under different working conditions.The results show that when the diffusing height of road dust is within 2.5 m,the diffusion width increases first and then decreases.When the vehicle speed is 60 km/h,the peak value of the diffusion width is about 3 m.When people with a breathing height of about 1.5 m keep a distance of more than 2 m from the driving vehicle,they can basically be protected from the adverse effects of road dust diffusion during normal breathing.The research done can provide a reference for protecting the atmospheric environment and reducing the hazards of road dust to human health.