高度近视合并青光眼的研究进展

Research advance of high myopia with glaucoma

高度近视是原发性开角型青光眼的独立危险因素.青光眼患者中高度近视患病率达16%.高度近视患者的视盘倾斜与旋转、脉络膜萎缩、筛板损害、神经纤维层缺损、视盘微循环灌注降低等加速了青光眼的视野损害,在青光眼的发病机制中起重要作用.在临床工作中应密切关注高度近视患者的眼轴长度、中央角膜厚度、视盘形态、视野改变、视网膜神经纤维层厚度、眼压波动以及相干光断层扫描眼底血管表现,从高度近视眼中早期发现青光眼患者.

High myopia is an independent risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma.The prevalence of high myopia in glaucoma is 16%.Optic disc tilt and rotation,choroidal atrophy,lamina cribrosa damage,nerve fiber layer defect and decreased perfusion of optic disc microcirculation in patients with high myopia accelerate the visual field damage of glaucoma and play an important role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma.In clinical work,we should pay close attention to the axial length,central corneal thickness,optic disc morphology,visual field change,retinal nerve fiber layer thickness,intraocular pressure fluctuation and the performance of OCTA in patients with high myopia,and detect early stage of glaucoma patients in high myopia.