摘要
钙钛矿材料尤其是金属卤化物钙钛矿具有优异的性能,如较大的光系数、较高的载流子迁移率、较长的载流子寿命、可调谐的电阻率、较大的X射线衰减系数和简单的处理工艺等.这些优点使得钙钛矿材料在光电领域,如太阳能电池、发光二极管、光电探测器、X/γ射线探测器和激光等研究领域引起了广泛关注.钙钛矿材料的广泛应用依赖于高质量的钙钛矿晶体或薄膜.截至目前,已经涌现出众多的钙钛矿生长技术和方法.本综述分类总结了近年来用于钙钛矿材料生长的主要方法和手段,包括溶液降温法、逆温结晶法、反溶剂法、旋涂法和化学气相沉积法等.通过总结与分析,发现溶液降温法、逆温结晶法、反溶剂法主要用于生长高质量的钙钛矿单晶,旋涂法在制备钙钛矿薄膜方面具有较大优势,而化学气相沉积法则在制备多种形貌的微纳钙钛矿材料方面占据优势.本综述可为科研人员在钙钛矿材料生长方面提供可参考的依据和具体参数.
Perovskite materials,especially metal halide perovskites,exhibit excellent properties,such as large optical coefficients,high carrier mobilities,long carrier lifetimes,tunable resistivities,large X-ray attenuation coefficients,and simple processing techniques.In recent decades,perovskites have attracted significant attention in the photoelectric field due to their versatile utility in solar cells,light-emitting diodes,photodetectors,X/γ-ray detectors,and lasing.However,the wide applicability of perovskites highly depends on the quality of perovskite crystals and films.Thus far,several perovskite growth technologies and methods have emerged.Therefore,this review classified and summarized the main methods that have been employed to achieve perovskite growth in recent years,including the solution temperaturelowering(STL)method,inverse temperature crystallization(ITC),anti-solvent vapor-assisted crystallization(AVC),spin coating,and chemical vapor deposition(CVD).Through analysis and summary,it has been determined that the STL,ITC,and AVC methods are mainly used to grow high-quality perovskite single crystals.While the spin-coating method has a significant advantage in the preparation of perovskite films,the CVD method is propitious in the fabrication of a variety of morphologies of micro/nano perovskite materials.We hope that this review can be a comprehensive reference for scientific researchers to prepare perovskite-related materials.
作者
王少丽
杨凡
朱江瑞
操沁璇
钟阳光
王傲成
杜文娜
刘新风
Shaoli Wang;Fan Yang;Jiangrui Zhu;Qinxuan Cao;Yangguang Zhong;Aocheng Wang;Wenna Du;Xinfeng Liu(Experiment Center of Forestry in North China,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 102300,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology,CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience,National Center for Nanoscience and Technology,Beijing 100190,China;Department of Chemistry,School of Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
基金
supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology(2016YFA0200700 and 2017YFA0205004)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21673054,11874130,61307120,61704038 and 11474187)
the Open Research Fund Program of the State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics(KF201902)。
