杜威教学与课程思想的道家美学诠释

A Taoist Aesthetics Interpretation of Dewey’s Teaching and Curriculum Ideas

杜威的教学与课程思想有着明显的美学意味,通过道家美学的诠释能够清晰地看到这一点。教学方法的个体化、艺术化即为“外技”,直接与专心的态度即为“忘我”,虚心和负责的态度即为“忘知”,从教师教材到学生教材即为“外物”,而课程经验的连续性可以总结为自我实现的“逍遥”。对杜威教育美学的诠释分析可以见出杜威教育思想的综合性、超前性,也同时能见出中国本土美学的独特魅力。

Dewey’s teaching and curriculum ideas have obvious aesthetic meaning,which can be clearly seen through the interpretation of Taoist aesthetics.The individualization and art of teaching methods can be understood as“excluding skills”,directness and single-mindedness“forgetting myself”,open-mindedness and responsibility“forgetting knowledge”,the process from educators’subject matter to learners’subject matter“excluding things”.The continuity of the curriculum experience can be summarized as“free and unfettered”.The interpretation of Dewey’s educational aesthetics can show the comprehensiveness and advancement of Dewey’s educational thoughts,and at the same time it can also show the unique charm of Chinese native aesthetics.