苏州市儿童青少年体质量指数腰围腰高比与血压偏高的关系

Relationship between high blood pressure and body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-height ratio among children and adolescents in Suzhou

目的探讨苏州市儿童青少年体质量指数(BMI)、腰围和腰高比与血压偏高的关系,为制定适宜的儿童青少年血压综合防控策略和措施提供参考。方法2019年9—10月采用分层整群抽样方法,对苏州市3150名7~17岁儿童青少年进行问卷调查,测量身高、体重、腰围和血压,计算BMI和腰高比,分析血压偏高与各项肥胖指标的关系。结果苏州市儿童青少年血压偏高率为11.3%,超重肥胖率为28.5%,采用腰围、腰高比标准筛查的中心性肥胖率分别为20.6%和23.7%。不同BMI、腰围和腰高比分组的儿童青少年血压偏高率差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为157.80,105.87,124.17,P值均<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,与正常体重组相比,超重肥胖组罹患血压偏高的可能性较大(OR=3.89,95%CI=3.09~4.90);与正常腰围或正常腰高比组相比,中心性肥胖组罹患血压偏高的可能性较大(腰围:OR=3.05,95%CI=2.41~3.86;腰高比:OR=3.35,95%CI=2.67~4.21)。与BMI和腰围均正常者相比,同时超重肥胖和中心性肥胖者罹患血压偏高的可能性最大(OR=4.28,95%CI=3.31~5.53)。结论BMI、腰围和腰高比均与血压偏高存在相关,BMI与腰围或腰高比存在联合作用,保持正常体重和正常腰围/腰高比可能利于控制血压偏高。

Objective To assess the relationship between high blood pressure(HBP)and body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),and waist-height ratio(WHt R)among children and adolescents in Suzhou.Methods A total of 3150 children and adolescents aged 7-17 years were enrolled through stratified cluster sampling from September to October,2019.Questionnaire survey was conducted,and height,weight,WC and BP were measured to calculate BMI and WHt R,relationship of HBP and adiposity indicators were evaluated.Results The prevalence of HBP was 11.3%,overweight/obesity rate was 28.5%,and centrality obesity based on WC and WHt R was 20.6%and 23.7%,respectively.There were significant relationships between HBP and BMI,WC,and WHt R(χ~2=157.80,105.87,124.17,P<0.01).As Logistic regression showed,compared to normal weight group,overweight/obesity based on BMI had positive relation with HBP(OR=3.89,95%CI=3.09-4.90);compared to normal WC/WHt R,centrality obesity showed positive association with HBP(WC:OR=3.05,95%CI=2.41-3.86;WHt R:OR=3.35,95%CI=2.67-4.21).Meanwhile,BMI had joint effects on HBP with WC/WHt R.Specifically subjects with overweight/obesity and center obesity had higher risk of HBP,compared to normal BMI and WC subjects(OR=4.28,95%CI=3.31-5.53).Conclusion Significant relationships between HBP and BMI,WC,and WHt R were found.BMI had joint effects on HBP with WC/WHt R.Keeping normal body weight and WC/WHt R would have significant effects on HBP.