再论《辽史·营卫志》部族门的文本来源与编纂过程

A Re-exploration on Sources and Compilation of the Tribes Section in“Yingweizhi”of LIAOSHI

《辽史·营卫志》部族门向来为学界所推重,然其文本来源、编纂过程等基本问题却始终没有得到彻底解决。以往学界的主流观点是该门的主体内容来源于辽人耶律俨所著《皇朝实录·部族志》,但其立论基础和分析思路均须重加检讨。事实上,此门除开首所引旧志序文及太祖二十部、圣宗三十四部等局部内容因袭耶律俨《部族志》旧文外,其余文字皆为元朝史官所新作,本质是为充凑篇幅而形成的急就章。在此过程中,元人不仅杂糅、拼接不同文献系统的材料,更对契丹部族的概念和范围作出重新定义,彻底改变了原本《部族志》的整体面貌,深刻地影响和塑造了后人对契丹部族发展史的认知。

The records of the Tribes section in"Yingweizhi"(Monography on the Camps)of LIAOSHI has always been valued by the scholars,but some basic problems on its sources and compilation process have not been completely solved.It was believed that the main part come from"Tribal History"of HUANGCHAOSHILU written by Yelv Yan.However,the conclusion should be re-examined,in fact,apart from the preface cited at the beginning and the twenty tribes of Taizu and thirty-four tribes of Shengzong coming from Yelv Yan’s work,the rest of the books was written by the official historiographers in the Yuan Dynasty,and it is completed hastily.The historians of Yuan not only mixed the materials from different documents,but also redefined the concept and denotation of Khitan tribes.It completely changes the original appearance of"Tribal History",and profoundly influences and reshapes the later generations’understanding of the history of Khitan tribe.