徽州方志中的人物志书写刍议

A Research on the Writing of Biographies in Local Chronicles in Huizhou

传统方志虽以"隐恶扬善"为编修原则,然其人物志的书写大多"自得立言之法"。方志的"直书"和编修之难集中体现于人物志书写上。志书所载人物的甄选是否精洽,入志人物是否"款类合宜",是衡量一部志书精严与否的重要方面。揆诸徽州方志,载入"义行"的人物,具有历史选择性和叙事精英化。徽州商人藉助义行而登入志书,尽管在由明至清日益多见,总体而言,在传统社会商贾"可光竹帛"的空间仍属有限。某种意义上说,只有财富与身份相结合,方可载入志书。

The principle of compilating traditional local chronicles is to"hiding evil and promoting good",but the writing of biographies following a special style.The difficulty of"recording truth"and editing local chronicles are mainly reflected in biographies.It should be noticed whether the personages recorded in a chronicle are appropriate,for it is an important standard to put a value on local chronicle.Most deeds of personages in the local chronicles of Huizhou are recorded following elitist standard.From Ming to Qing,more and more merchants in Huizhou were recorded for their virtues and good deeds,but the number is still limited.In a word,selection of personages in local chronicles is in accordance with wealth and identity at the same time.