面向2035的新工科人才核心素养结构研究

On the Structure of Core Competences of Emerging Engineering Talents in 2035

核心素养结构是构建工程教育"中国标准"和提升新工科人才培养质量的关键。新工科人才核心素养通过工程教育和工程情境联系起来,并最终体现在行为中。本文基于人-机柔性结合与和谐共处、能力可迁移性与价值观稳定性的统一、能力的实践表征与行为素养的内在逻辑,构建了新工科人才核心素养结构金字塔模型,包括四个维度、十六项要素。为培养上述核心素养,新工科教育应该注重加强学生的价值观教育,涵养关键品格;实现由教到学的深度转变,培养深度学习能力;采取有效措施,创造利于核心素养养成的支撑条件。

The structure of Core Competences is the key to constructing"Chinese Standards"of engineering education and cultivating quality emerging engineering talents.The core competencies of emerging engineering talents are linked together through engineering education and engineering context,and these competences will be ultimately performed in their behaviors.Based on the features of the human-machine flexible combination and harmonious coexistence,the transferability of capability and the stability of value,the showing of ability and the inherent behavior-driven element,a pyramid model of core competencies structure of emerging engineering talents was constructed in this paper,which includes sixteen elements in four dimensions:key characters,general competences,specialized competences,and engineering competences.In order to shape the above-mentioned core competencies,the emerging engineering education should focus on strengthening students’value education,fully transferring from teaching to learning,training students’ability of deep learning,and creating supportive conditions for the development of core competences through effective measures.