《学龄期儿童日常饮食提供者膳食素养问卷》的编制及其信效度评价

Dietary literacy questionaire for school-age children’s daily diet providers and its reliability and validity

目的编制《学龄期儿童日常饮食提供者膳食素养问卷》并进行信度和效度评价。方法以膳食素养定义为主要理论依据,通过德尔菲法进行专家小组讨论,编制学龄期儿童日常饮食提供者膳食素养问卷。采取分层整群抽样方法,于2018年11月对合肥市1137名城乡儿童的日常饮食提供者进行调查。采用t检验、Pearson相关系数等方法对问卷进行决断值分析、相关性分析及内部一致性分析等;构建结构方程模型,评价问卷结构效度。间隔1周后采用随机抽样的方式对其中90名学龄期儿童日常饮食提供者进行重测,分析重测信度;使用Cronbach’sα、Guttman系数、结构效度等评价问卷的信效度。进一步分析儿童日常饮食提供者的文化程度和城乡《学龄期儿童日常饮食提供者膳食素养问卷》得分的差异,以及不同儿童饮食行为的膳食提供者膳食素养得分的差异,评估量表的区分效度。结果回收有效问卷1043份,其中儿童父母894人(85.7%),儿童祖父母或外祖父母128人(12.3%)。通过专家小组讨论后,问卷初步确定了一级指标4项,为日常饮食提供者对儿童膳食提供的态度、行动、技能、环境,专家平均权威系数为0.87。问卷最终保留30个条目,累计方差贡献率为52.470%。问卷Cronbach’α系数为0.874,分半信度为0.813,重测信度为0.878。结构方程模型拟合指标:χ2/df=2.28、RMSEA=0.042、NFI=0.841、GFI=0.927、AGFI=0.912、RFI=0.821、IFI=0.904、TLI=0.891、CFI=0.903,各项指标均在可接受范围内。此外,不同文化程度、城乡、儿童不同饮食行为的学龄期儿童日常饮食提供者的问卷得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),问卷具有较好的区分效度。结论《学龄期儿童日常饮食提供者膳食素养问卷》具有良好的信效度,可为评价学龄期儿童日常饮食提供者膳食素养提供参考。

OBJECTIVE Development of dietary literacy questionnaire for school-age children’s diet providers and evaluation of its reliability and validity.METHODS Based on the main theoretical basis of dietary literacy definition,a pool of dietary literacy questionnaires for school-age children’s daily diet providers was prepared by expert group discussion through the Delphi method.The initial scale was formed by method such as expert panel discussions.A stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the daily dietary providers of 1137 urban and rural children in Hefei in November 2018.The t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the decision value,correlation analysis and internal consistency analysis.The structural equation model was constructed to evaluate the structural validity of the questionnaire.One week after the interval,90 school-age children’s daily diet providers using random sampling were retested,and the test-retest reliability was analyzed.The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated using Cronbach’α,Guttman coefficient,and structural validity.Further analysis of the differences in the educational level of children’s diet providers and the scores of urban and rural questionnaires.RESULTS A total of 1043 valid questionnaires were returned.894(85.7%)were children’s parents and 128(12.3%)were children’s grandparents or maternal grandparents.After expert group discussion,the questionnaire preliminarily identified four first-level indicators to provide attitudes,actions,skills and environment for daily dietary providers about children’s meals.The average authority coefficient of experts was 0.87.The study finally retained 30 items,including the four dimensions of attitudes,actions,skills and environment provided by the daily diet providers of school-age children to the children’s diet.The cumulative variance contribution rate was 52.470%.The Cronbach’αcoefficient of the questionnaire was 0.874,the split-half reliability was 0.813,and the test-retest reliability was 0.878.Structural equation model fitting index:χ2/df=2.28,RMSEA=0.042,NFI=0.841,GFI=0.927,AGFI=0.912,RFI=0.821,IFI=0.904,TLI=0.891,CFI=0.903.In addition,the differences in scores of different education levels,urban and rural questionnaires and different dietary behaviors of children were statistically significant(P<0.05),and the questionnaires had good discriminant validity.CONCLUSION The reliability and validity of the dietary literacy questionnaire for school-age children’s daily diet providers is good,and it can provide reference for evaluating the dietary quality of school-age children’s dietary providers.