略论李时珍《本草纲目》对咳嗽论治的贡献

Brief Discussion on Contributions of Bencao Gangmu by LI Shizhen to Treatment of Cough

李时珍《本草纲目》记载了大量治疗咳嗽的内容,不但有李时珍个人的临床体会,也囊括了明代以前各医家治疗咳嗽的经验,对咳嗽的论治有一定的贡献。笔者总结其主要体现在辨治咳嗽以虚实为纲;据病程分新久;咳嗽病位主要在肺,而不止于肺,常兼及其他脏腑;审证求因,重视辨病治疗咳嗽;注重咳嗽的分类及鉴别;总结咳嗽的常用治法等几个方面。对临床咳嗽的治疗仍有一定的指导意义,值得借鉴。

LI Shizhen’s Bencao Gangmu recorded a large number of content concerning the treatment of cough,which not only contains his personal clinical experience,but also the experience of various physicians before the Ming Dynasty on the treatment of cough. This masterpiece has made contributions to treatment of cough,which have been summarized by the authors of this paper as the following aspects:the principle for cough being deficiency-excess syndrome differentiation;the disease course determining whether the cough newly occurs or has existed for a long time;the location of cough being in the lung but also often in other organs;the syndrome of patients being differentiated to find out the cause of disease and the emphasis being attached to disease differentiation;the focus on classification and identification of cough;the common treatments of cough. This still has certain guiding significance to the treatment of clinical cough and is worth learning from.