含风电场的协同分布式模型预测负荷频率控制

Coordinated Distributed MPC for Load Frequency Control of Power System with Wind Farms

针对外界负荷变化时,风能间歇性和随机性特征而致使风电机组无法有效跟踪负荷变化问题,提出含大规模风电场的协同分布式模型预测负荷频率控制。首先,在分析含规模化风电场互联电力系统频率特征基础上,建立含风电场互联电力系统负荷频率控制模型;然后,设计基于协调的分布式模型预测控制器,根据不同风速条件,不同区域控制器能够优化不同的控制目标,实现风电场与常规机组协调控制。同时考虑常规机组的发电机变化速率约束和风电机组的桨距角约束,风速约束。最后,采用仿真和实验测试算法性能,结果表明,基于协调的DMPC预测控制算法不但能够有效地跟踪外界负荷变化,同时能最大限度平抑风电输出波动,实现频率稳定。

In order to solve the problem that the wind turbine hard to trace the load change under the condition of intermittent and randomness,this paper proposes a coordinated distributed model predictive control(DMPC)for the LFC of a power system that includes inherently variable wind-power generations.Firstly,based on the analysis of frequency characteristics of interconnected power system with large-scale wind farms,the load frequency control model of interconnected power system with wind farms is established.Secondly,a distributed model predictive controller based on coordination is designed.According to different wind speed conditions,different regional controllers can optimize different control objectives,and realize coordinated control between wind farm and conventional units.At the same time,the constraints of generator speed,pitch angle and wind speed are considered.Finally,both simulation and experimental tests demonstrate that the DMPC predictive control algorithm based on coordination can not only effectively track the changes of external load,but also stabilize the wind power output fluctuation to the maximum extent and achieve frequency stability.