全球价值链嵌入程度及地位对产业碳生产率的影响

The impact of global value chains’participation degree and position on industrial carbon productivity

文章结合目前低碳经济发展的大背景,采用理论与实证相结合的方法,通过引入新的交互项对模型进行创新,从而对全球价值链嵌入与我国产业碳生产率之间的内在关系做了理论分析与实证检验。首先从技术创新效应、结构升级效应、环境规制效应和低端锁定效应等四个维度分析了全球价值链嵌入程度和嵌入地位对产业碳生产率的内在影响机制,然后通过匹配TIVA数据库进行全球价值链(GVC)的测度,并进行实证检验。研究发现:第一,全球价值链嵌入程度和地位对中国产业碳生产率具有不同的差异性影响。总体而言,全球价值链嵌入程度会显著促进产业碳生产率,而全球价值链嵌入地位则与我国工业碳生产率呈显著负向关系。第二,全球价值链嵌入不仅直接影响碳生产率,而且通过技术创新等交互效应间接影响碳生产率。我国在全球价值链中的嵌入地位显著抑制了技术研发对产业碳生产率的积极作用。在目前阶段提升环境规制的强度会降低嵌入程度对中国工业碳生产率的促进作用。第三,全球价值链嵌入对中国碳生产率的影响存在行业异质性,资本密集型行业的价值链嵌入会显著促进中国产业碳生产率。研究认为:在目前阶段我国需要继续加深全球价值链的嵌入程度,同时应鼓励产业在全球价值链地位的攀升。为此,需要调整好环境规制的强度,合理把握环境规制力度,努力提高能源利用效率,加快能源结构转型,推动产业结构向低碳清洁化升级;不断加快科技创新力度,尽量提升具有更高附加值的前向参与,以利于我国产业碳生产率的跃迁。

With the continuous development of economic globalization,the degree of Chinese enterprises embedded in the global value chain(GVC)is gradually deepened,and their position in the global value chain is also rising.A large number of studies on the global value chain have been done,but most of them focus on the structural measurement,upgrading strategy and governance mechanism of the global value chain.Based on the current background of low-carbon economic development,this paper adopts the method of combining theory and empirical analysis,and introduces new interactive terms to innovate the model,so as to make theoretical analysis and empirical test on the internal relationship between the global value chain and China’s industrial carbon productivity.Firstly,the paper analyzes the internal influence mechanism of the index of participation degree and the index of the position of the global value chain on industrial carbon productivity from four dimensions,namely,technological innovation effect,structural upgrading effect,environmental regulation effect and low-end lock-in effect.Then,it measures the global value chain by matching TIVA database with China’s industrial data,and finds that:①The participation degree and position of the global value chain have different influences on China’s industrial carbon productivity.On the whole,the participation degree of global value chain will significantly promote industrial carbon productivity,while the position of the global value chain has a significant negative relationship with China’s industrial carbon productivity.②The embedding of the global value chain not only directly affects carbon productivity,but also indirectly affects carbon productivity through interactive effects such as technological innovation.China’s embedded position in the global value chain has significantly inhibited the positive role technology research and development play on industrial carbon productivity.At present,increasing the intensity of environmental regulation will reduce the impact of embeddedness on China’s industrial carbon productivity.③Industrial heterogeneity exists in the impact of the global value chain embedding on China's carbon productivity.The value chain embedding of capital-intensive industries will significantly promote China’s industrial carbon productivity.This study concludes that at present,China needs to continue to deepen its embeddedness in the global value chain,and at the same time,we should continue to encourage the industries to upgrade in the global value chain;therefore,we need to adjust the intensity of environmental regulation,reasonably grasp the strength of environmental regulation,strive to improve the efficiency of energy use,accelerate the transformation of energy structure,and promote the upgrading of industrial structure to low-carbon economy.At the same time,we need to continue to speed up scientific and technological innovation and try to promote forward participation with higher added value,so as to facilitate the transition of China’s industrial carbon productivity.