环境综合治理背景下农村居民亲环境行为研究

Research on the pro-environment behaviors of rural residents under the background of comprehensive environmental governance

基于苏皖两省413份农村数据,文章引入意识-情境-行为模型,运用相关分析、层次回归分析、单因素方差分析等探讨了中国文化背景下农村居民“公”“私”领域的亲环境行为及其影响因素。研究发现:亲环境意识是亲环境行为产生的基础,环境知识和环境情感对农村居民公、私领域的亲环境行为均产生显著影响,而环境态度仅对农村居民的公领域亲环境行为产生影响,个体责任意识只对农村居民的私领域亲环境行为产生显著影响。从交互效应看,环境态度和个体责任对农村居民公领域的环境友好行为存在两两的正向交互作用,即对环境问题持有高度个人责任感的群体,培养其积极的环境态度能显著提高该群体的公领域亲环境行为选择偏好。在个体实施成本中,行为麻烦程度负向影响农村居民公私领域的亲环境行为,物质主义观念对行为的主效应不显著。且物质主义观念对态度-行为路径存在负向的调节作用,行为麻烦程度则对情感-行为路径存在负向的调节作用。值得注意的是,物质主义观念也对个体责任-行为路径存在正向的弱调节作用。此外,中国文化确实在居民的亲环境意识和行为中发挥着背景效应。对此文章提出以下政策建议:加强宣传教育,提高农村居民环境保护意识;发挥组织引领,激发农村居民环境保护热情,充分发挥农村居民主人翁作用;加大资金支持,创造便利、便捷、有效的社会条件和社会环境,减少农村居民实施亲环境行为的金钱、时间和精力成本;注重文化影响,充分发挥良好乡风文明具有的浸润人心、规范行为的积极作用,逐步提升农村居民的文明素养,培养农村居民环境保护的内生动力。

Based on 413 rural data from Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province,this study uses the consciousness-context-behavior model with correlation analysis,hierarchical regression modeling,and analysis of variance to analyze the pro-environment behaviors of rural residents in the‘public’and‘private’spheres and its influencing factors in the context of the Chinese culture.The results show that pro-environmental awareness is the basis of pro-environmental behaviors.Environmental knowledge and environmental emotions have positive interactions with the pro-environment behaviors of rural residents in the‘public’and‘private’spheres,while environmental attitudes only affect rural residents’pro-environmental behaviors in the public sphere and individual responsibility only has a significant impact on rural residents’pro-environmental behaviors in the private sphere.From the perspective of interaction effects,there is a positive interaction between the environmental attitudes and the individual responsibility for environmentally friendly behaviors in the public sphere of rural residents.For groups with a high degree of personal responsibility for environmental issues,cultivating their positive environmental attitudes can significantly increase the groups’preferences for pro-environment behaviors in the public sphere.In the cost of individual implementation,the degree of behavioral trouble negatively affects the pro-environmental behavior of rural residents in the public and private spheres and the main effect of materialistic concept on behavior is not significant.The materialistic concept has a negative regulating effect on the attitude-behavioral path;the degree of behavior trouble has a negative regulating effect on the emotion-behavioral path.It is worth noting that the materialistic concept also has a weakly positive regulating effect on the individual responsibility-behavior path.In addition,the Chinese culture does play a background effect on the residents’environmental awareness and behaviors.In this regard,the following policy suggestions are proposed.Firstly,publicity and education should be strengthened to improve the awareness of environmental protection of rural residents.Secondly,we need to leverage the organizational leadership,stimulate rural residents’enthusiasm for environmental protection,and give full play to the role of rural residents as masters of the society.Thirdly,funding support for rural environmental governance should be increased to create convenient and effective social conditions and reduce the cost of money,time,effort required for rural residents to implement pro-environmental behaviors.Lastly,we need to focus on the cultural impact,put local cnstoms and civilizations into great play in infiltrating people’s hearts and regulating behavior,gradually improve the cultural literacy of rural residents and cultivate rural residents’endogenous motivation for environmental protection.