山西谷子杂交种的高产制种技术

Study on High Yield Seed Production Technology of Foxtail Millet Hybrids in Shanxi

通过对山西省农业科学院谷子研究所选育的4个谷子杂交种进行2 a的制种试验,研究父母本花期动态、父本花粉量、制种田种植方式对制种产量的影响,旨在探明影响山西谷子杂交种高产制种的关键因素。结果表明,父母本的开花高峰期重叠时间对不育系结实起决定性作用,母本开花高峰期较父本早1~2 d最好;种植方式要根据父本花粉量决定,一般父母本2∶4宽窄行种植时制种产量较高,父本花粉量大时可以采用父母本2∶6的种植方式。研究结果对山西谷子杂交种稳步发展以及应用于生产具有重要意义。

Through the seed production experiment of four millet hybrids bred by Institute of Millet,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences in the past two years,the effects of flowering period dynamics of parents,pollen amount of male parents and planting methods of seed production field on seed production yield were studied to find out the key factors affecting high-yield seed production of millet hybrids in Shanxi province.The results showed that the overlapping time of the flowering peak of the parents played a decisive role in the seed setting of the male sterile line,and it was the best when sterile lines flowering peak was one or two days ahead of restorer lines.Planting method and the rows ratio of the parents were determined by the male parent pollen quantity.Generally,the seed production yield was higher when the rows ratio between restorer lines and sterile lines was 2∶4 and planted in wide rows with narrow rows at intervals.The rows ratio also could be 2∶6 if the male parent had a large amount of pollen.This research result will be of great significance to the steady development of Shanxi millet hybrids and application in production.