喀斯特山区农村贫困测度与空间分异研究——以盘州市为例

Study on Rural Poverty Measurement and Spatial Differentiation in Karst Mountainous Areas: A Case Study of Panzhou City

以盘州市474村为研究对象,建立多维贫困评价模型对盘州市村域多维贫困进行测算,并结合GIS分析功能、地理探测器、逐步回归模型对其空间分异进行了深层次探究。结果表明:(1)盘州市自然资本维度、金融资本维度、人力资本维度和环境脆弱维度贫困村个数依次为45、101、201、17,其中人力资本维度贫困村占总行政村42.32%,空间呈聚集化分布;(2)盘州市43个行政村处于多维贫困,约占行政村总数9.1%,主要分布在盘州市北部地区与南部地区,中部地区呈现零散分布状态;(3)盘州市多维贫困空间异质性的主导因子是行政村到县的距离、路网密度、生态保护红线面积比重、起伏度,平均高程、村到乡镇的距离起次要作用,各驱动因子间交互作用对多维贫困空间异质性的影响大于单因子作用产生的影响。对盘州市多维贫困进行定量测度,并对其空间分异的驱动力进行探究,结果对石漠化地区脱贫政策制定,区域可持续发展具有重要意义。

The 474 villages in Panzhou city were taken as research objects, the multidimensional poverty evaluation model was established to measure multidimensional poverty in Panzhou village area, and deeply explores its spatial differentiation by combining GIS analysis function, geographic detector and stepwise regression model. Results showed that:(1) The number of poverty-stricken villages in Panzhou City in terms of natural capital dimension, financial capital dimension, human capital dimension and environmental vulnerability dimension are 45, 101, 201, and 17, respectively. The number of human capital poor villages accounts for 42.32% of the total administrative villages.(2) 43 administrative villages in Panzhou were in multidimensional poverty, accounting for about 9.1% of the total number of administrative villages, mainly distributed in the northern and southern regions of Panzhou, and scattered in the central region;(3) The multidimensional poverty spatial heterogeneity of the dominant factor were the distance from incorporated villages to county, the density of road network, ecological protection area proportion, terrain relief, and average height, the distance of the village to township of its secondary role, interaction between all the driving factors and the influence of the spatial heterogeneity of multidimensional poverty was greater than the effect of the single factor effect. The quantitative measurement of multidimensional poverty in Panzhou city was carried out, and the driving force of spatial differentiation was explored, so as to provide a basis for the formulation of poverty alleviation policies in rocky desertification areas and the promotion of regional sustainable development.