6种核桃基因组大小测定

Estimation of the Genome Sizes of Six Walnut Varieties by Flow Cytometry

【目的】建立应用流式细胞术测定胡桃属植物基因组大小的方法,测定6种核桃种质资源的C值(即DNA含量),分析比较基因组大小,为胡桃属植物的遗传学、基因组学和进化学等研究提供参考依据。【方法】以深纹核桃野生种、漾濞泡核桃、三台核桃、云新云林核桃、普通核桃野生种和强特勒核桃的新鲜嫩叶为待检材料,以水稻日本晴新鲜嫩叶为标样,应用流式细胞术分别测定并计算6种核桃的基因组大小。【结果】测得6种核桃基因组大小分别为深纹核桃野生种(543.2±35.7) Mb、漾濞泡核桃(548.8±43.1) Mb、三台核桃(554.4±14.5) Mb、云新云林核桃(548.8±14.7) Mb、普通核桃野生种(551.6±39.0) Mb和强特勒核桃(520.8±38.5) Mb,6种核桃基因组大小无显著差异(P>0.05)。【结论】胡桃属核桃组植物无论物种分化、种内驯化和种间杂交都未引起基因组大小的变异。深纹核桃野生种、漾濞泡核桃、三台核桃和云新云林核桃都是首次报道其基因组大小,为中国特有种深纹核桃的深入研究提供了参考数据。同时丰富了胡桃属植物的C值库,并为胡桃属其他物种基因组大小测定提供了可以借鉴的方法。

[Purpose]To estimate and compare the genome sizes of six walnut varieties by flow cytometry and provide a reference for the study on the genetics, genomics and chemistry of Juglans L. plants.[Method]Fresh leaves of six walnut varieties including Juglans sigillata Dode, J. sigillata cv. Yangbi, J. sigillata cv. Santai, J. sigillata cv. Yunxinyunlin, J. regia Linn and J. regia cv.Chandler were taken as samples, and Oryza sativa ssp. japonica with known genome was set as the standard. The C values content of DNA of all the six walnut varieties were detected by flow cytometry(FCM) and the genome sizes were calculated according to the the genome size of O. sativa L.ssp. japonica.[ Result]The genome sizes of J. sigillata, J. sigillata cv. Yangbi, J. sigillata cv.Santai, J. sigillata cv. Yunxinyunlin, J. regia and J. regia cv. Chandler were(543.2±35.7) Mb,(548.8±43.1) Mb,(554.4±14.5) Mb,(548.8±14.7) Mb,(551.6±39.0) Mb and(520.8±38.5) Mb, respectively. And there was no significant difference between the genome size of these six walnut varieties(P>0.05).[Conclusion]The species differentiation, domestication and interspecific hybridization of Sect. 1. Juglans plants didn’t induce variation of genome size. What’s more, the first report of the genome sizes of J. sigillata, J. sigillata cv. Yangbi, J. sigillata cv. Santai and J. sigillata cv.Yunxinyunlin would provide useful data for the further research on the endemic species of China J.sigillata, and enrich the C value database of Juglans L. plants.