医护人员工作场所暴力的真实体验及应对资源的质性研究

Qualitative Study on Real Experience of Workplace Violence of Medical Staff and Coping Resources

目的通过对医护人员工作场所暴力的真实体验及应对资源的质性研究,为保障医护人员工作安全提供依据。方法选取2018年2月—8月某三甲综合医院遭受工作场所暴力的10名医护人员为研究对象,采用半结构式访谈对研究对象工作场所遭遇的暴力及应对资源进行深入研究,采用描述性质性研究分析访谈资料。结果医护人员遭受工作场所暴力后会有恐惧、愤怒、委屈、无助、职业倦怠等感受,医护人员工作场所暴力应对资源现状表现为:对暴力的认知度及预见能力较低,应对方式单一,社会支持力度不足等。结论工作场所暴力会导致医护人员产生不良的心理体验及职业倦怠感,严重影响其身心健康及医疗事业的发展。工作场所应提升应对暴力的资源配置,减轻工作场所暴力事件的负面影响,制定工作场所暴力应急预案及工作指南。

Objective To study the real experience of workplace violence in medical staff and the coping resources through a qualitative study,in order to provide reference for protecting the safety of medical staff.Methods Ten medical staff who experienced workplace violence in a tertiary comprehensive hospital from February to August 2018 were selected as subjects.Semi-structured interviews were used to conduct in-depth study on the subjects'real experience of workplace violence and coping resources.The interview data were analyzed by descriptive qualitative study method.Result Medical staff experienced fear,anger,grievance,helplessness and job burnout after suffering from workplace violence.The coping resources of workplace violence were featured as poor cognition and anticipation,single coping style,and inadequate social support.Conclusion Workplace violence can lead to negative psychological experience and job burnout among medical staff,which seriously affects the physical and mental health of medical staff and the development of medical undertakings.The workplace should enhance the resource allocation for coping with violence,reduce the negative impact of workplace violence,and develop emergency plans and guidelines for workplace violence.