160份外引鹰嘴豆种质主要农艺性状的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Major Agronomic Traits in 160 Introduced Chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.)Germplasm Resources

对引自国际半干旱热带作物研究中心的160份鹰嘴豆种质资源的13个农艺性状进行了评价鉴定,并筛选了特异种质,为我国鹰嘴豆种质资源创新和品种选育提供参考。结果表明,该批鹰嘴豆种质资源具有较为丰富的遗传多样性,7个数量性状的变异系数由大到小分别为主茎分枝数>单株荚数>百粒重>产量>株高>单荚粒数>生育期,6个质量性状的Shannon多样性指数由大到小分别为粒色>株型>花色>种子表面>粒形>复叶叶型;产量与粒形、单株荚数极显著正相关,与百粒重显著正相关;前4个主成分的累计贡献率为63.417%,其中第1主成分与产量性状和产量有关,第2主成分与生育期有关,第3主成分与形态性状有关,第4主成分与株高和粒形有关;聚类分析在遗传距离为5时将160份资源分为3个类群,其中第Ⅰ类群的株高较高,第Ⅱ类群的产量较高,第Ⅲ类群的籽粒较大;筛选出63份早熟、矮秆、无分枝、多荚、荚粒数多、大粒、高产的特异种质资源。

In this study,13 agronomic traits of 160 chickpea germplasm resources induced from ICRISAT were evaluated.Elite germplasms were screened to provide reference for chickpea germplasm resource innovation and breeding in China.The results showed that these chickpea germplasms represented abundant genetic diversity.The variable coefficients of 7 quantitative traits were branches per plant>pods per plant>100-seed weight>yield>plant height>seeds per pod>growth period,and the genetic diversity index of 6 quality traits were seed color>plant type>flower color>seed surface>seed shape>leaf type.The cumulative contribution of the top 4 principal factors reached 63.417%in the principal factors analysis,as well as the first principal factor was mainly related to the yield traits and yield;the second principal factor was mainly related to the growth period;the third principal factor was mainly related to the plant height and seed shape;the fourth principal factor was mainly related to plant height and seed shape.With cluster analysis,160 chickpea germplasm resources were classified into 3 groups,the groupⅠshowed the highest plant height,the groupⅡshowed the highest yield,the groupⅢshowed the biggest seed.63 chickpea germplasm resources with elite agronomic traits were screened,which were early maturing,short stem,branchless,more pods per plant,more seed per pod,large seed and high yield.