棘孢木霉菌Tr266B微胶囊剂的研制

Microcapsule Preparation for Trichoderma asperellum Tr266B

本研究通过利用喷雾干燥技术,制备一种木霉菌微胶囊剂。采用单因素和正交试验,优化了喷雾干燥工艺和微胶囊剂配方的技术参数,进风和出风的温度(T-in,T-out)分别为(92±2)℃和(55±2)℃;微胶囊剂配方为:棘孢木霉菌(Trichoderma asperellum,Tr266B)发酵浓缩液含固量为20%,黄腐酸(YHA)与麦芽糊精的含量各为15%,阿拉伯胶和甘油的含量各为2%;喷雾干燥后的微胶囊含水量为7.5%~8.5%。同时,还研究了喷雾干燥温度、贮藏温度和微胶囊的含水量对孢子萌发率的影响。结果表明,在喷雾干燥过程中,T-in和T-out对孢子的萌发率有显著的影响。当T-in和T-out分别高于(95±2)℃和(65±2)℃时,孢子萌发率会下降10%~40%;当贮存温度4℃,微胶囊的含水量在7.5%~8.5%时,贮存6个月后,孢子的萌发率没有发生明显变化;当微胶囊的含水量低于6.5%时,随着贮存时间的延长,孢子的萌发率缓慢下降;当贮存在25℃条件下,6个月后孢子的萌发率不到10%。本研究确定了所开发的微胶囊壁材为黄腐酸、麦芽糊精和阿拉伯胶,保湿剂为甘油,这些材料与棘孢木霉菌Tr266B有良好的生物相容性,为产业化生产和贮存木霉菌微胶囊剂提供了依据。

A spray drying technology was developed and utilized for Trichoderma microcapsule preparation.By use of single factor and orthogonal tests,the technical parameters of spray drying and microcapsule formulation were optimized.The inlet and outlet air temperatures(T-in,T-out)were(92±2)℃and(55±2)℃,respectively.The formula of microcapsule was as follows:the solid content of condensed liquid of fermented T.asperellum(Tr266 B)prepared for spray was 20%;the contents of YHA and maltodextrin were 15%,respectively,and the contents of arabic gum and glycerin were 2%,respectively.After spray drying,the water content of the microcapsule was 7.5%―8.5%.The effects of temperatures during spray drying and storage and the water content of microcapsule on spores germination rate were also investigated.The results showed that T-in and T-out had significant effects on spores germination rate during spray drying.If setting T-in and T-out higher than(95±2)℃and(65±2)℃,respectively,the spores germination rate can be reduced 10%―40%.When the storage temperature was at 4℃and the water content of microcapsule was 7.5%―8.5%,the spore germination rate did not change apparently after 6 months of storage.When the water content was less than 6.5%,the spores germination rate reduced gradually along with the storage time.However,the spores germination rate stored at 25℃was less than 10%after 6 months.The wall materials of microcapsules were determined to be YHA,maltodextrin and arabic gum,and the humectant was glycerin.These materials have good biocompatibility with T.asperellum Tr266 B,which will provide a reference for industrial mass production and product storage of Trichoderma microcapsules.