靺鞨-渤海马具研究

A Study on the Harness of the Mohe-Bohai Period

马具的制作出现和普遍使用有着深远的历史。通过对靺鞨-渤海遗存中出土的马具进行系统梳理,结合考古类型学与历史文献学,对其进行了初步的研究。靺鞨-渤海马具主要有马衔、马镳、马镫和带具等,其中马衔与马镳的数量最多。对史书中靺鞨-渤海有关"胜兵"的记载进行初步探讨,考古发现的马具均未体现防御性功能,且对马匹的装饰也不够重视,故"胜兵"所指,应不以骑兵为主。

The appearance of the harness-making and the usage of the harness had a long history.This paper first reviewed the harness excavated from the Mohe-Bohai sites,and conducted a preliminary research in the ways of archaeological typology and historical document review.Secondly,the paper believed that Harness set of the Mohe-Bohai period contained Xian,Biao,stirrup and belts with the largest number of Xian and Biao.Finally,the paper studied"Shengbing"of the Mohe-Bohai period in the historical documents,and concluded that harness unearthed did not present defense or decoration functions,thus,"Shengbing"mighy not refer to horseman in the Mohe-Bohai period.