深圳地区阳光玫瑰葡萄设施标准化栽培

Facility Standard Cultivation of Shine Muscat Grape in Shenzhen

【目的】充分了解阳光玫瑰葡萄的生物学特性,在深圳地区开展阳光玫瑰葡萄的设施标准化栽培。【方法】从2014年开始,深圳市光明区、宝安区和龙岗区开始引种阳光玫瑰葡萄,通过对深圳神农果业有限公司、深圳市鹏城农夫生态农业有限公司等几个果园连续7年的田间观察和生产区试,并查阅国内一些地区的引种资料和种植技术。【结果】在设施条件下,采用高垄限根栽培、干旱胁迫等手段解决葡萄在深圳地区无法正常休眠的问题,并使用50%单氰胺20倍涂芽打破休眠促使葡萄正常萌芽。为确保阳光玫瑰葡萄能够正常生长,并保证果实品质,从栽培的设施建设、土壤改良、幼树管理、结果树管理、花序果穗管理、病虫害防治以及水肥一体化管理等方面进行论述,总结出一整套适合深圳地区阳光玫瑰葡萄的设施标准化栽培技术。【结论】在深圳地区可以生产出优质的阳光玫瑰葡萄精品果。

【Objective】The study was conducted to have a good understanding of the biological characteristics of Shine Muscat grape for carrying out standardized cultivation in Shenzhen.【Method】Since 2014,Shine Muscat grape has introduced in Guangming District,Bao'an District and Longgang District of Shenzhen.Seven years of field observation and production area trials were conducted by Shenzhen Shennong Fruit Farming Co.,Ltd.and Shenzhen Pengcheng Nongfu Ecological Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,and the introduction date and planting techniques in some domestic areas of the country were reviewed.【Result】Under facility conditions,high ridge root restriction cultivation and drought stress were used to solve the problem that grapes were not normally dormant in Shenzhen,and 20 times 50%cyanamide was used to break the dormancy and promote the normal germination of grapes.In order to ensure the normal growth of grapes and the fruit quality,the cultivation facility construction,soil improvement,sapling management,fruiting tree management,inflorescence and fruit cluster management,pest control and fertigation management were discussed,and a set of facility standard cultivation techniques suitable for Shine Muscat grape in Shenzhen were summarized.【Conclusion】In Shenzhen,high-quality fruits of Shine Muscat grape can be produced.