木质素/聚烯烃复合材料界面增容的研究进展

Research progress on the interfacial compatibilizing of lignin/polyolefin composites

木质素作为植物界第二大可再生生物质资源,其有效利用技术一直是人们关注的热点。利用共混技术制备木质素/聚烯烃复合材料不仅可以提高木质素的有效利用率,还可以减少化石能源的消耗,提高聚烯烃的环境适应性,是近年来研究的热门课题。然而聚烯烃和木质素之间的界面黏附能力差,直接影响复合材料的性能,因此改善两者的界面相容性对于提升木质素/聚烯烃复合材料的性能至关重要。本文介绍了木质素的结构与性能,分析了木质素与聚烯烃相容性差的原因,同时从增容方法和共混工艺两方面回顾了国内外在木质素/聚烯烃复合材料界面增容方面的研究现状和最新进展,着重阐述了增容剂种类、木质素改性方法、共混工艺参数的改变对复合材料界面相容性的影响。此外,在木质素/聚烯烃复合材料生产生活应用的基础上展望了木质素/聚烯烃复合材料界面增容的发展趋势,指出进一步寻找成本低廉、性能优异的增容剂,探索更有效的复合增容工艺以及引入能量牺牲键将是未来研究的主要方向。

Lignin is the second most abundant renewable biomass resource in the plant kingdom only behind the cellulose.And its effective utilization has always been the focus of people’s attention.The preparation of lignin/polyolefin composites by blending technology can not only improve the effective utilization of lignin,but also reduce the consumption of fossil energy and improve the environmental adaptability of polyolefin,which is a hot topic in recent years.However,there is a problem of poor interfacial adhesion between polyolefin and lignin,which affects the properties of composites directly,and thus improving their interfacial compatibility is very important to improve the performance of lignin/polyolefin composite.So,the structure and properties of lignin were introduced in this paper,and the reasons for the poor compatibility between lignin and polyolefin were also analyzed.Meanwhile,the research status and latest progress on lignin/polyolefin composites at home and abroad from the application of compatibilizing methods and blending process of composite materials were reviewed.The effects of compatibilizer,lignin modification method and blending process parameters on the interfacial compatibility of composites were discussed emphatically.In addition,based on the application of lignin/polyolefin composite in production and life,the development trend of interfacial compatibilization of lignin/polyolefin composite in the future was prospected.It was pointed out that searching for compatibilizers with low cost and excellent performance,compatibilizing materials multiply and introducing energy sacrifice bond would be the main research direction in the future.