长江口综合治理历程及思考

The process and prospect of comprehensive control of Yangtze estuary

长江口地区在我国经济社会中占有重要地位,长江口综合治理与地区经济发展密切相关。首先回顾20世纪50年代以来长江河口以航运、防洪、供水等为主线的综合治理历程和相关工作,包括《长江口综合整治开发规划》制定及实施,江堤、海堤建设及岸线开发利用情况,较为详细地介绍长江口深水航道治理过程,总结长江口综合治理过程中实施的重要工程及其发挥的主要作用。从流域减沙、防洪减灾、供水安全以及河口生态保护等方面分析了长江口目前面临的主要问题,提出长江口治理需统筹规划、实行一体化管理以及加强治理与保护研究等建议。

The Yangtze estuary occupies an important position in China's economy and society.This article reviews the comprehensive regulation and development process and related works associated with the navigation,flood control,water source of the Yangtze river estuary since 1950s,including the Yangtze estuary comprehensive development planning formulation and implementation,consideration,and coastline development and utilization of seawall construction,introduces the Yangtze estuary deep water channel regulation process,and summarizes the important projects in the process of comprehensive control of the Yangtze estuary and their main functions.This paper also analyzes the main problems of the Yangtze estuary from the aspects of river basin sediment reduction,flood control and disaster reduction,water supply safety and estuary ecological protection,and puts forward some suggestions,such as overall planning,integrated management and strengthening research on management and protection.