中国5所高校大学生抗生素认知、使用及教育需求调查分析

Cognition, use and education demand of antibiotics among college students in 5 universities in China

目的了解中国高校大学生对抗生素的认知和使用现状及教育需求,为有针对性地开展合理用药健康教育和健康促进活动提供科学依据。方法2017年5—7月采用分层抽样方法抽取北京、河北、广西5所高校2000名在校大学生进行问卷调查。结果大学生抗生素知识的总知晓率为66.7%。男生、医学专业、大四年级、一流大学建设高校、城市生源的学生知晓率高于其他组别,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。抗生素使用行为总正确率为64.1%,医学生(68.9%)高于非医学生(62.5%)(χ~2=46.073,P<0.001),一流大学建设高校学生(66.2%)高于普通高校学生(59.6%)(χ~2=41.001,P<0.001)。大学生希望通过医务人员(45.4%)、网络(11.9%)、医学书刊(9.7%)等途径获得抗生素使用方法(70.8%)和注意事项(81.4%)等知识。结论大学生对抗生素的认知存在误区和不合理使用行为,应加强大学生医药知识教育,养成规范合理的用药习惯。

Objective To understand cognition, use and education demand of antibiotics among college students in 5 universities in China, and to provide scientific evidence for implementing health education and promotion activities concerning rational use of antibiotics. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2,000 college students selected by stratified sampling method from 5 universities in Beijing, Hebei and Guangxi from May to July, 2017. Results The total awareness rate of antibiotic knowledge among the college students was 66.7%, and the rate was higher in males, medical students, seniors, students from first-class universities and urban students than in students from other groups, showing statistically significant differences(all P<0.05). The overall correct rate of antibiotic use behavior was 64.1%, and the rate was higher in medical students than in non-medical ones(68.9% vs. 62.5%, χ~2=46.073,P<0.001) as well as higher in students from first-class universities than in ones from ordinary universities(66.2% vs. 59.6%, χ~2=41.001, P<0.001). University students were willing to obtain knowledge related to methods(70.8%) and cautions(81.4%) of using antibiotics from medical staff(45.4%), Internet(11.9%) and medical books and magazine(9.7%). Conclusions University students have some misunderstandings in cognition of antibiotics and unreasonable use behavior;and hence, medical knowledge and education should be strengthened among them so as to develop habits of standardized and reasonable use of antibiotics.