钾离子电池无机正极材料的研究进展

Research Progress of Inorganic Cathode Materials for Potassium-ion Batteries

钾离子与锂离子相比,钾离子的质量重且离子半径大,使其在电极材料中的扩散较困难并会产生较大的结构应力造成电极坍塌,这给钾离子电池的研发带来了极大的挑战,尤其是正极材料。针对这些问题,研究者们做了大量的探索工作,其中层状金属氧化物、聚阴离子型化合物、普鲁士蓝及其类似物等正极材料展现出了较好的储钾性能。因此,详细概述了这些正极材料的最新研究进展,主要包括钾离子的脱嵌机理、电化学性能、存在的问题和改性策略。最后,对钾离子电池正极材料的未来研究方向作出展望。

Potassium ion is heavier and larger than lithium ion,having some features such as harder to diffuse in electrode materials and causing a greater structural stress in electrode material during charging and discharging,thus resulting in the collapse of the electrode.The development of potassium ion battery,especially to the advancement of its cathode material becomes thus a challenge.In order to tackle these problems,some work are carried out in the field of potassium ion battery,and the corresponding results show that cathode materials(i.e.,layered metal oxides,polyanionic-type material,Prussian blue and its derivatives)exhibit better potassium storage properties.This review represented various cathode materials used for potassium ion battery and recent developments,mainly including the potassium storage mechanism,electrochemical performance,existing problems and potential strategies.In addition,some possible future research aspects for the cathode material in potassium ion batteries were also addressed.