基于制度性集体行动框架的协同机制长效性研究——以京津冀大气污染联防联控机制为例

A Study on the Long-term Effectiveness of Collaborative Mechanism based on ICA Framework:Using Collaborative Air Pollution Control in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei as a Case

制度性集体行动框架(ICA)主要聚焦于协同机制的形成动机以及自愿型协同治理机制的类型。本文拓展了对协同机制的讨论,关注协同机制在运行过程中的长效性表现,特别讨论了自愿型推动要素和强制型推动要素各自对协同机制长效运行的影响。文章从协同机制初始类型和推动要素的不同组合出发,对ICA的理论进行了拓展,并以京津冀大气污染联防联控工作为例,从统一规划、统一标准、统一监测、统一的防治措施四个方面,分别讨论不同协同机制类型和推动要素组合下的机制长效运作特点。案例分析发现,虽然自愿推动要素和强制推动要素可以在不同情境下维持协同机制的长效运行,但是各自对协同机会成本的改变不同,自愿推动要素前期成本较高,而强制推动要素后期维护成本较高。因此,文章认为上级政府应根据任务特点调整协同机制推动要素,同时积极调动地方政府的自主性,通过培育协同主体间自愿协同的意愿及能力,实现协同机制的长效运行。

Institutional Collective Action Framework(ICA)mainly contributes to the formation and typology of voluntary collaborative mechanisms.This paper,as a natural extension of ICA,focuses on the long-term effectiveness of collaboration by separating collaboration formation stage from collaboration operation process.On top of that,this paper regards voluntary pushing factors and mandatory force as possible driving factors in both stages.Therefore,it argues that combinations of collaboration stages and driving forces may affect the effectiveness of collaborative governance in the long run.This paper takes collaborative air pollution control in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei as an example,investigating the collaborations in planning,standards,monitoring and prevention and control measures to verify the interactive efforts of collaborative stages and collaborative driving factors.The case study shows that voluntary driving factors have higher costs in the early stage of collaboration process,while mandatory driving factors have higher costs to maintain the collaboration in the later stage of collaboration process.This paper suggests that policy makers should design the collaboration driving forces according to the characteristics of the specific collaborative situation,and stimulate local motivation to promote the long-term effectiveness of collaborative mechanisms by cultivating the willingness and ability of voluntary joint actions among the collaborative parties.