政府治理变革的技术基础——大数据驱动下的政府治理变革研究述评

The Technical Basis of Government Governance Change:A Review of Research on Government Governance Change Driven by Big Data

进入21世纪,大数据的到来成为推动世界各国政府治理变革的重要基础和推动力。本文探讨了政府治理变革的技术基础,即大数据的发展历程。回顾了信息技术发展历史中便蕴含着大数据的内涵和价值,进而通过梳理国内外文献对大数据的定义,总结出大数据不仅是全球化、后工业化时代发展到一定阶段的新的表现形式,也是信息技术发展的高级阶段。在此基础上,评述了世界各国在大数据的推动下发起的一系列政府治理变革:开放政府或透明政府;权力关系与治理形态的重构;数据决策与数据治国等。在未来的研究中,我们要高度重视大数据在政府治理变革中承担的重要功能,进一步加强数据开放相关制度以及配套政策,大数据相关利益主体(政府、市场、社会)合作以及大数据应用的循证决策等方面的研究。

In the 21 st century,the arrival of big data has become an important foundation and driving force for promoting the governance reform of governments around the world.This paper explores the technical basis of government governance change,namely the development of big data.It recalls the connotation and value of big data in the history of information technology development.Furthermore,by sorting out the definition of big data in domestic and foreign literatures,it concludes that big data is not only a new form of development in the era of globalization and post-industrialization,but also an advanced stage in the development of information technology.On this basis,it reviews a series of government governance reforms initiated by countries around the world driven by big data:open government or transparent government;power relations and governance restructuring;data decision-making and data governance.In future research,we must attach great importance to the important functions that big data undertake in the reform of government governance,further strengthen research on the data opening related systems and supporting policies,the cooperation of big data related stakeholders(government,market,society),and evidence-based decision making in big data applications.