基于小波变换的轴承故障诊断及预测方法研究

Analysis of Fault Prediction and Diagnosis of Rotating Machinery

轴承对于保证整个机械系统的安全、稳定运行起着相当关键的作用,针对轴承所开展的故障诊断技术对机械系统、机械设备的正常运转意义重大。以轴承故障模拟实验为基础,介绍了一种轴承故障模拟平台,在此平台上完成了部分轴承故障诊断实验,并运用小波分析方法对模拟实验振动信号进行小波分解与小波去噪。同时本文提出了一种小波变换与EMD相结合的方法,运用MATLAB小波工具箱对诊断信号进行小波分解,将分解后的细节信号进行EMD模态分解以及包络谱分析。运用此方法对滚动轴承各类故障状态进行检测,能够有效判断轴承的故障类型。

Bearing plays an important role in ensuring the operation of the whole mechanical system.On the basis of bearing fault simulation experiment,a bearing fault simulation platform is introduced,and some bearing fault diagnosis experiments are completed on this platform.At the same time,this paper proposes a method combining wavelet transform and EMD,using MATLAB wavelet toolbox to carry out wavelet decomposition of diagnostic signals,and then carry out EMD modal decomposition and envelope spectrum analysis of decomposed detailed signals.This method can be used to detect all kinds of fault states of rolling bearing and effectively judge the fault types of bearing.